成年自杀者与非自杀者的人格特质、应对方式及精神障碍比较。
Comparison of personality traits, coping styles, and psychiatric disorders in adult suicidal and non-suicidal individuals.
作者信息
Sharif Farkhondeh, Parsnia Azam, Mani Arash, Vosoghi Mehrdad, Setoodeh Giti
机构信息
Community Based Psychiatric Care Research Center, Department of Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran;
Department of Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran;
出版信息
Int J Community Based Nurs Midwifery. 2014 Jul;2(3):148-56.
BACKGROUND
Suicide is a major health problem accounting for 9% of all deaths. Thus, suicide prevention is of particular importance in high-risk groups. Taking care of the individuals who have committed suicide is also considered as a major problem for health professionals. In general, individuals' personality and attitude toward problems are involved in the incidence of suicide. Human personality is an integrated but complex phenomenon characterized by its extensiveness and large variety of concepts. The present study aimed to evaluate personality traits and coping styles among suicidal and non-suicidal individuals referring to the hospitals and health centers affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences.
METHODS
In this cross-sectional study, 100 suicidal patients and 100 non-suicidal individuals (mean age: 27.21 years) were randomly selected and matched in terms of demographic variables. All the participants completed Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness (NEO) personality questionnaire, Lazarus coping strategies questionnaire, and SCL-90-R. Then, the data were analyzed using T-test, chi-square test, and stepwise liner regression.
RESULTS
The study results showed that the highest scores in the case and control groups were related to neuroticism (32.35±3.21) and conscientiousness (36.87±3.26), respectively (P<0.001). The two groups were also compared with respect to the two main types of coping styles. In both coping styles, the mean scores of the control group were higher than those of the case group although the difference was only significant regarding the problem-focused coping style.
CONCLUSION
The results revealed a significant relationship between coping styles and extroversion as well as nervousness. Nervousness and extraversion scores could predict the coping style. In addition, suicidal individuals obtained higher scores in nervousness and emotion-focused coping style compared to the control group.
背景
自杀是一个重大的健康问题，占所有死亡人数的9%。因此，预防自杀在高危人群中尤为重要。照顾自杀者对健康专业人员来说也是一个重大问题。一般来说，个体的个性和对问题的态度与自杀发生率有关。人格是一种综合但复杂的现象，具有广泛的概念和多样性。本研究旨在评估转诊至设拉子医科大学附属医院和健康中心的自杀者和非自杀者的人格特质和应对方式。
方法
在这项横断面研究中，随机选取100名自杀患者和100名非自杀个体（平均年龄：27.21岁），并根据人口统计学变量进行匹配。所有参与者均完成了神经质、外向性、开放性（NEO）人格问卷、拉扎勒斯应对策略问卷和症状自评量表（SCL-90-R）。然后，使用t检验、卡方检验和逐步线性回归分析数据。
结果
研究结果显示，病例组和对照组得分最高的分别是神经质（32.35±3.21）和尽责性（36.87±3.26）（P<0.001）。还比较了两组的两种主要应对方式。在两种应对方式中，对照组的平均得分均高于病例组，尽管仅在问题聚焦应对方式上差异显著。
结论
结果显示应对方式与外向性和神经质之间存在显著关系。神经质和外向性得分可以预测应对方式。此外，与对照组相比，自杀个体在神经质和情绪聚焦应对方式上得分更高。
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