Zimmerman Karen, Jinadasa Deepani, Maegga Bertha, Guerrero Alejandro
a Amend , Dar es Salaam , Tanzania.
Traffic Inj Prev. 2015;16(5):456-60. doi: 10.1080/15389588.2014.973491. Epub 2015 Jan 28.
Road traffic injuries (RTIs) are a major public health burden, especially in low- and middle-income countries. There is limited data on RTIs in low-volume, rural African settings. This study attempted to survey all individuals living in households within 200 m of two low-volume rural roads in Tanzania and to collect data on RTIs.
Local communities and users of the Bago to Talawanda road (intervention site) and Kikaro to Mihuga road (control site) were targeted and received an intensive program of road safety measures tailored using the crash characteristics of the baseline sample. Demographic data on all household members were collected, and those individuals who suffered an RTI in the previous 3 months had comprehensive information collected about the crash characteristics and the socioeconomic impact. The follow-up data collection occurred nine months after the baseline data were collected.
The majority of crashes that caused an RTI involved a motorcycle (71%) and the majority of victims were male (82%) with an average age of 27. Injuries to the legs (55%) were most common and the average length of time away from normal activity was 27 (±33) days. RTI incidence at the intervention site increased during the course of the study (incidence before vs. incidence after) and was unchanged in the community control (incidence before vs. incidence after).
The incidence of RTIs in the low-volume rural setting is unacceptably high and most commonly associated with motorcycles. The change in incidence is unreliable due to logistic restraints of the project and more research is needed to quantify the impact of various RTI prevention strategies in this setting. This study provides insight into road traffic injuries on low-volume rural roads, areas where very little research has been captured. Additionally, it provides a replicable study design for those interested in collecting similar data on low-volume rural roads.
道路交通伤害（RTIs）是一项重大的公共卫生负担，尤其是在低收入和中等收入国家。在非洲农村交通流量较小的地区，关于道路交通伤害的数据有限。本研究试图对坦桑尼亚两条低流量农村道路200米范围内居住的所有家庭中的个人进行调查，并收集道路交通伤害的数据。
以巴戈至塔拉万达道路（干预地点）和基卡罗至米胡加道路（对照地点）的当地社区和使用者为目标，并根据基线样本的碰撞特征量身定制了一项强化道路安全措施计划。收集了所有家庭成员的人口统计数据，对在过去3个月内遭受道路交通伤害的个人，收集了有关碰撞特征和社会经济影响的全面信息。随访数据收集在基线数据收集9个月后进行。
导致道路交通伤害的大多数碰撞事故涉及摩托车（71%），大多数受害者为男性（82%），平均年龄为27岁。腿部受伤（55%）最为常见，平均脱离正常活动的时间为27（±33）天。在研究过程中，干预地点的道路交通伤害发生率有所上升（干预前发生率与干预后发生率相比），而社区对照地区则保持不变（干预前发生率与干预后发生率相比）。
在交通流量较小的农村地区，道路交通伤害的发生率高得令人无法接受，且最常与摩托车相关。由于项目的后勤限制，发生率的变化并不可靠，需要更多研究来量化各种道路交通伤害预防策略在该环境中的影响。本研究深入了解了交通流量较小的农村道路上的道路交通伤害情况，而此前针对这些地区的研究非常少。此外，它为那些有兴趣在交通流量较小的农村道路上收集类似数据的人提供了一个可复制的研究设计。
