Makhni Eric C, Morrow Zachary S, Luchetti Timothy J, Mishra-Kalyani Pallavi S, Gualtieri Anthony P, Lee Randall W, Ahmad Christopher S
Center for Shoulder, Elbow, and Sports Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York City, New York, USA.
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Am J Sports Med. 2015 Jan;43(1):41-6. doi: 10.1177/0363546514555506. Epub 2014 Nov 3.
Overuse injury in youth baseball players is increasing in prevalence, and these injuries have been correlated to pitching mechanics and pitch counts/types. Prior studies regarding arm pain in these athletes have focused simply on presence or absence of pain during the season rather than on detailed factors related to arm pain with respect to frequency, severity, and associated performance and psychosocial effect.
HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE: The goal of this study was to investigate frequency, quality, and effect of arm pain in healthy youth baseball players. The hypothesis was that arm pain will affect a majority of healthy baseball players and will be associated with adverse psychosocial effects.
Descriptive epidemiological study.
A novel survey focusing on arm pain in youth baseball players was developed for the purpose of this study. Survey questions were formulated by a consortium of trainers, clinicians, and coaches. Surveys were administered to healthy youth baseball players throughout the states of New Jersey and New York.
A total of 203 healthy players completed the survey; 23% of players (n=47) reported a prior overuse injury. Only 26% and 20% of players reported that their arm never hurt when throwing or the day after throwing, respectively; 30% of players reported that arm pain at least sometimes caused them to have less fun playing; and 46% of players reported at least once being encouraged to keep playing despite having arm pain. Pitchers were more likely to report arm pain while throwing and the day after throwing and to indicate that arm pain held them back from being a better player (all P<.05). Those with prior overuse injury were more likely to have arm pain while throwing, to have arm fatigue during a game or practice, and to be encouraged to keep playing despite having pain (all P<.05).
A majority of healthy (actively competing) youth baseball players report at least some baseline arm pain and fatigue, and many players suffer adverse psychosocial effects from this pain.
青少年棒球运动员过度使用损伤的患病率正在上升，这些损伤与投球力学以及投球次数/类型相关。先前关于这些运动员手臂疼痛的研究仅仅关注赛季期间是否存在疼痛，而不是关于手臂疼痛的频率、严重程度以及相关的表现和心理社会影响等详细因素。
假设/目的：本研究的目的是调查健康青少年棒球运动员手臂疼痛的频率、性质和影响。假设是手臂疼痛将影响大多数健康的棒球运动员，并与不良心理社会影响相关。
描述性流行病学研究。
为了本研究的目的，开发了一项针对青少年棒球运动员手臂疼痛的新型调查。调查问卷由一组训练师、临床医生和教练制定。对新泽西州和纽约州的健康青少年棒球运动员进行了调查。
共有203名健康运动员完成了调查；23%的运动员（n = 47）报告曾有过过度使用损伤。分别只有26%和20%的运动员报告他们在投球时或投球后一天手臂从未疼痛过；30%的运动员报告手臂疼痛至少有时会使他们打球的乐趣减少；46%的运动员报告至少有一次尽管手臂疼痛仍被鼓励继续比赛。投手更有可能报告在投球时和投球后一天手臂疼痛，并表示手臂疼痛阻碍他们成为更好的球员（所有P <.05）。那些曾有过过度使用损伤的运动员在投球时更有可能手臂疼痛，在比赛或训练期间更有可能手臂疲劳，并且尽管疼痛仍被鼓励继续比赛（所有P <.05）。
大多数健康的（积极参赛的）青少年棒球运动员报告至少有一些基线手臂疼痛和疲劳，许多运动员因这种疼痛而遭受不良心理社会影响。
