Azagba Sunday, Sharaf Mesbah F, Hammond David
Propel Centre for Population Health Impact, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada,
J Prim Prev. 2015 Apr;36(2):71-8. doi: 10.1007/s10935-014-0377-9.
A particularly challenging issue to tobacco cessation efforts is the availability of contraband cigarettes. While studies have linked contraband tobacco to smoking initiation and poor cessation outcomes, little is known about its association with illicit drug use among adolescents. We examine the association between contraband tobacco and illicit drug use among adolescent students using a national representative sample of 2,136 current smoker students in grades 9-12 from the 2010-2011 Youth Smoking Survey. About 31 % of adolescent current smokers in grades 9-12 use contraband cigarettes. Prevalence in the use of illicit drugs ranged from 9 to 37 %, with MDMA being the most commonly used drug. Adjusted logistic regression revealed that smokers of contraband cigarettes, when compared with non-contraband cigarette smokers, were more likely to use cocaine (OR 2.14; CI 1.29-3.56), heroin (OR 7.92; CI 3.00-20.91), amphetamines (OR 4.25; CI 2.07-8.74), MDMA (OR 2.00; CI 1.25-3.19), hallucinogens (OR 2.18; CI 1.34-3.55), and ketamine (OR 3.48; CI 1.61-7.54). This paper adds to the existing evidence of the negative effects of contraband tobacco by showing that adolescent contraband smokers are more likely to use illicit drugs. Given the addictive nature of these drugs and the potential for such behavior to spill over into adulthood, more efforts should be invested in addressing this problem.
戒烟工作面临的一个特别具有挑战性的问题是违禁香烟的可得性。虽然研究已将违禁烟草与吸烟起始及戒烟不良后果联系起来，但对于其与青少年非法药物使用之间的关联却知之甚少。我们使用来自2010 - 2011年青少年吸烟调查的全国代表性样本，即2136名9至12年级的当前吸烟学生，来研究违禁烟草与青少年学生非法药物使用之间的关联。9至12年级的青少年当前吸烟者中约31%使用违禁香烟。非法药物的使用 prevalence 范围为9%至37%，其中摇头丸是最常用的药物。经调整的逻辑回归显示，与非违禁香烟吸烟者相比，违禁香烟吸烟者更有可能使用可卡因（比值比2.14；置信区间1.29 - 3.56）、海洛因（比值比7.92；置信区间3.00 - 20.91）、安非他明（比值比4.25；置信区间2.07 - 8.74）、摇头丸（比值比2.00；置信区间1.25 - 3.19）、致幻剂（比值比2.18；置信区间1.34 - 3.55）和氯胺酮（比值比3.48；置信区间1.61 - 7.54）。本文通过表明青少年违禁香烟吸烟者更有可能使用非法药物，补充了关于违禁烟草负面影响的现有证据。鉴于这些药物的成瘾性以及这种行为可能延续至成年期的可能性，应投入更多努力来解决这一问题。
