Corporate Nutrition, Sanitarium Health and Wellbeing, Berkeley Vale, NSW, Australia.
Nutrition and Wellness Department, Andrews University, Berrien Springs, Mich, USA.
Med J Aust. 2013 Aug 19;199(S4):S11-6. doi: 10.5694/mja11.11494.
Vegetarians who eat a varied and well balanced diet are not at any greater risk of iron deficiency anaemia than non-vegetarians. A diet rich in wholegrains, legumes, nuts, seeds, dried fruits, iron-fortified cereals and green leafy vegetables provides an adequate iron intake. Vitamin C and other organic acids enhance non-haem iron absorption, a process that is carefully regulated by the gut. People with low iron stores or higher physiological need for iron will tend to absorb more iron and excrete less. Research to date on iron absorption has not been designed to accurately measure absorption rates in typical Western vegetarians with low ferritin levels.
素食者如果饮食多样化且均衡,那么他们缺铁性贫血的风险并不比非素食者更高。富含全谷物、豆类、坚果、种子、干水果、强化铁的谷物和绿叶蔬菜的饮食可提供充足的铁摄入量。维生素 C 和其他有机酸可促进非血红素铁的吸收,这一过程受到肠道的精细调节。铁储存量低或对铁的生理需求更高的人往往会吸收更多的铁,排泄更少的铁。迄今为止,关于铁吸收的研究并未专门设计来准确测量低铁蛋白水平的典型西方素食者的吸收率。
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