Youngstedt Shawn D, Kline Christopher E
Department of Exercise Science, Norman J. Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA.
Sleep Biol Rhythms. 2006 Aug;4(3):215-221. doi: 10.1111/j.1479-8425.2006.00235.x.
Although exercise is widely believed to improve sleep, experimental evidence has found acute and chronic exercise to exert only modest effects on subsequent sleep. However, these studies are limited in that they have primarily used good sleepers (floor/ceiling effects). In contrast to experimental studies, epidemiologic studies have consistently reported significant positive associations between self-reported exercise habits and better self-reported sleep. This association has been confirmed across a wide range of demographics. Nonetheless, epidemiologic studies on this topic have also had limitations. They have often assessed exercise and sleep using instruments of dubious validity. Moreover, the studies have generally not included clinical diagnoses of sleep disorders. Thus, the clinical relevance of these findings is unclear. In addition, possible alternative explanations for the association of exercise and improved sleep have often not been controlled (e.g. bright light, other healthy behaviors). This review will focus on these epidemiologic studies. We will review and critique representative survey and epidemiologic studies of exercise and sleep and discuss directions for future research in this area.
尽管人们普遍认为运动能改善睡眠，但实验证据表明，急性运动和慢性运动对后续睡眠的影响不大。然而，这些研究存在局限性，因为它们主要使用的是睡眠良好的人群（存在天花板效应或地板效应）。与实验研究不同，流行病学研究一致报告称，自我报告的运动习惯与较好的自我报告睡眠之间存在显著的正相关。这种关联在广泛的人群中都得到了证实。尽管如此，关于这一主题的流行病学研究也存在局限性。它们常常使用效度存疑的工具来评估运动和睡眠。此外，这些研究通常没有纳入睡眠障碍的临床诊断。因此，这些发现的临床相关性尚不清楚。此外，运动与改善睡眠之间关联的可能替代解释（如强光、其他健康行为）往往没有得到控制。本综述将聚焦于这些流行病学研究。我们将回顾和批判运动与睡眠的代表性调查和流行病学研究，并讨论该领域未来的研究方向。
