Jeżewska-Zychowicz Marzena
Department of Food Market and Consumer Research, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), Nowoursynowska 159C, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
Life (Basel). 2023 Oct 14;13(10):2057. doi: 10.3390/life13102057.
Older people's health is strongly determined by their lifestyle, and its deterioration is a cause for concern and calls for effective efforts to slow down the process. The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between diet quality and other non-food lifestyle elements. The data were collected in 2017 through a cross-sectional survey among 271 Polish elder citizens. A K-means cluster analysis was applied to separate homogeneous groups by lifestyle components (without diet) and a logistic regression was used to analyze the relationships between identified clusters and sociodemographic characteristics, nutritional knowledge and diet quality. Three homogenous clusters were identified, i.e., individuals with moderate physical activity and recommended sleep duration (pro-healthy), with low physical activity (low PA), and with short sleep (short sleep). Gender, age, education, place of residence, BMI, and health-promoting diet index (pHDI) did not differentiate adherence to clusters. The probability of being in the pro-healthy cluster increased with nutritional knowledge and declaring the same or better health status compared to peers, while it decreased when above-average financial status was reported. The obtained results importantly extend the previous findings by showing that the individual elements of lifestyle should be also perceived in the context of others. Further research focused on lifestyle as a whole might considerably support the implementation of multifaceted lifestyle interventions.
老年人的健康状况很大程度上取决于他们的生活方式，其健康状况的恶化令人担忧，需要做出有效努力来减缓这一进程。本研究的目的是确定饮食质量与其他非饮食生活方式因素之间的关系。2017年通过对271名波兰老年公民进行横断面调查收集了数据。采用K均值聚类分析按生活方式成分（不包括饮食）将同质群体分开，并使用逻辑回归分析已识别聚类与社会人口统计学特征、营养知识和饮食质量之间的关系。识别出了三个同质聚类，即具有适度身体活动和推荐睡眠时间的个体（促进健康型）、身体活动较少的个体（低身体活动型）和睡眠时间较短的个体（短睡眠型）。性别、年龄、教育程度、居住地点、体重指数和健康促进饮食指数（pHDI）并不能区分对聚类的依从性。与同龄人相比，具有营养知识且宣称健康状况相同或更好时，处于促进健康型聚类的概率会增加，而报告财务状况高于平均水平时，该概率会降低。所获得的结果重要地扩展了先前的研究发现，表明生活方式的各个要素也应在其他要素的背景下加以理解。进一步聚焦于整体生活方式的研究可能会极大地支持多方面生活方式干预措施的实施。
