Winch Alison, Moberly Nicholas J, Dickson Joanne M
a Tees, Esk and Wear Valleys NHS Trust , The Ellis Centre , Scarborough , UK.
Cogn Emot. 2015;29(7):1295-305. doi: 10.1080/02699931.2014.976544. Epub 2014 Nov 7.
This study investigated the shared and distinct associations between depressive and anxious symptoms and motives for pursuing personal goals. One hundred and thirty-six undergraduates generated approach and avoidance goals and rated each on intrinsic, identified, introjected and external motives. Anxious and depressive symptoms showed significant unique associations with distinct motives. Specifically, depressive symptoms predicted significant unique variance in intrinsic motivation for approach goals (but not avoidance goals), whereas anxious symptoms predicted significant unique variance in introjected regulation for approach and avoidance goals. Some of these findings were moderated by gender. The findings broadly support the notion that depression is uniquely characterised by reduced enjoyment of approach goal pursuit whereas anxiety is uniquely characterised by pursuit of goals in order to avoid negative outcomes. We suggest that these findings are compatible with regulatory focus theory and suggest that motives for goal pursuit are important in understanding the relation between goals and specific mood disorder symptoms.
本研究调查了抑郁症状和焦虑症状与追求个人目标的动机之间的共同关联和不同关联。136名本科生提出了趋近目标和回避目标，并对每个目标的内在动机、认同动机、内摄动机和外部动机进行了评分。焦虑症状和抑郁症状与不同的动机表现出显著的独特关联。具体而言，抑郁症状预测了趋近目标（而非回避目标）内在动机的显著独特变异，而焦虑症状预测了趋近目标和回避目标内摄调节的显著独特变异。其中一些发现存在性别差异。这些发现广泛支持了这样一种观点，即抑郁的独特特征是对趋近目标追求的享受减少，而焦虑的独特特征是为了避免负面结果而追求目标。我们认为这些发现与调节焦点理论相符，并表明目标追求的动机在理解目标与特定情绪障碍症状之间的关系中很重要。
