From the Department of Medicine, Kings College London, London, UK (F.A.); Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY (S.E.); Veteran Affairs Pittsburgh Health Care System, PA (S.E.); Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK (S.K.); Department of Medicine, Jamaica Medical Center, New York, NY (B.T.); Hubert Department of Public Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA (J.B.E.-T.); MedStar Health, Baltimore, MD (J.B.E.-T.); South African Medical Research Council and University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa (A.P.K.); The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, Australia (A.P.K.); and Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands (A.P.K.).
Hypertension. 2015 Feb;65(2):291-8. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.114.04394. Epub 2014 Nov 10.
The burden of hypertension in Sub-Saharan Africa has been increasing over the past few decades. However, a large proportion of the population with hypertension remains undiagnosed, untreated, or inadequately treated, contributing to the rising burden of cardiovascular disease in the region. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the recent burden of hypertension in Sub-Saharan Africa, based on studies published between 2000 and 2013. We pooled data from 33 surveys involving over 110 414 participants of mean age 40 years. Hypertension prevalence varied widely across the studies (range 15%-70%), partly because of differences in participant mean ages (31-76 years). The predicted prevalence of hypertension at mean participant ages of 30, 40, 50, and 60 years were 16%, 26%, 35%, and 44%, respectively, with a pooled prevalence of 30% (95% confidence interval, 27%-34%). Of those with hypertension, only between 7% and 56% (pooled prevalence: 27%; 95% confidence interval, 23%-31%) were aware of their hypertensive status before the surveys. Overall, 18% (95% confidence interval, 14%-22%) of individuals with hypertension were receiving treatment across the studies, and only 7% (95% confidence interval, 5%-8%) had controlled blood pressure. This review found a high prevalence of hypertension, as well as low percentage of hypertension awareness, treatment, and control in Sub-Saharan Africa, highlighting the need for implementation of timely and appropriate strategies for diagnosis, control, and prevention.
在过去几十年中，撒哈拉以南非洲地区的高血压负担一直在增加。然而，大量高血压患者未被诊断、未治疗或治疗不充分，这导致该地区心血管疾病负担不断上升。我们对 2000 年至 2013 年期间发表的研究进行了系统回顾和荟萃分析，以评估撒哈拉以南非洲地区近期高血压的负担。我们汇总了来自 33 项调查的数据，这些调查涉及超过 110414 名平均年龄为 40 岁的参与者。高血压患病率在研究中差异很大（范围为 15%-70%），部分原因是参与者平均年龄的差异（31-76 岁）。在平均年龄为 30、40、50 和 60 岁的参与者中，预测的高血压患病率分别为 16%、26%、35%和 44%，汇总患病率为 30%（95%置信区间，27%-34%）。在高血压患者中，只有 7%至 56%（汇总患病率：27%；95%置信区间，23%-31%）在调查前知道自己患有高血压。总体而言，在研究中，18%（95%置信区间，14%-22%）的高血压患者接受了治疗，只有 7%（95%置信区间，5%-8%）的患者血压得到了控制。本综述发现，撒哈拉以南非洲地区高血压患病率高，高血压知晓率、治疗率和控制率低，这突出表明需要及时实施适当的诊断、控制和预防策略。
