开心果补充剂对2型糖尿病患者血糖的影响：一项随机交叉试验。
Effects of pistachio nut supplementation on blood glucose in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized crossover trial.
作者信息
Parham Mahmoud, Heidari Saeide, Khorramirad Ashraf, Hozoori Mohammad, Hosseinzadeh Fatemeh, Bakhtyari Lida, Vafaeimanesh Jamshid
机构信息
Clinical Research Development Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.
Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.
出版信息
Rev Diabet Stud. 2014 Summer;11(2):190-6. doi: 10.1900/RDS.2014.11.190. Epub 2014 Aug 10.
BACKGROUND
Diabetes is a chronic, potentially debilitating, and often fatal disease. Dietary strategies to reduce postprandial glycemia are important in the prevention and treatment of diabetes. Nuts are rich in mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids, which may reduce hyperglycemia and improve metabolism.
OBJECTIVES
To evaluate the effectiveness of pistachio nut supplementation on glycemic and inflammatory measures in patients with type 2 diabetes.
METHODS
In this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover trial, 48 diabetic patients were equally assigned to groups A and B. Patients in group A received a snack of 25 g pistachio nuts twice a day for 12 weeks and group B received a control meal without nuts. After 12 weeks of intervention, the patients had an 8-week washout. Then the groups were displaced, and group B received the same amount of pistachios for 12 weeks.
RESULTS
With respect to the total change in variables over both phases, there was a marked decrease in HbA1c (-0.4%) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) concentrations (-16 mg/dl) in the pistachio group compared with the control group (p ≤ 0.001 for both). There was no overall significant change in BMI, blood pressure, HOMA-IR, and C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations. Analysis of the two phases separately showed a decrease in FBG by 14 mg/dl and in HbA1c by 0.45% in the treatment group (A) after 12 weeks, while no significant differences were seen in group B (control group). In the second phase, FBG decreased from 151.36 ± 39.22 to 137.28 ± 28.65 mg/dl (-14 mg/dl) and HbA1c decreased from 7.42 ± 0.97 to 7.15 ± 0.68 mg/dl (-0.28%, p = 0.013 and p = 0.033, respectively) in the pistachio group (B). Pistachio consumption reduced systolic blood pressure (p = 0.007), BMI (p = 0.011), and CRP (p = 0.002) in patients from the treatment groups, but not insulin resistance.
CONCLUSIONS
Dietary consumption of pistachio nuts as a snack has beneficial effects on glycemic control, blood pressure, obesity, and inflammation markers in diabetic patients.
背景
糖尿病是一种慢性、可能使人衰弱且往往致命的疾病。降低餐后血糖的饮食策略在糖尿病的预防和治疗中很重要。坚果富含单不饱和脂肪酸和多不饱和脂肪酸，可能会降低高血糖并改善新陈代谢。
目的
评估食用开心果对2型糖尿病患者血糖和炎症指标的影响。
方法
在这项双盲、随机、安慰剂对照、交叉试验中，48名糖尿病患者被平均分为A组和B组。A组患者每天两次食用25克开心果零食，持续12周；B组患者食用不含坚果的对照餐。干预12周后，患者有8周的洗脱期。然后两组互换，B组食用相同量的开心果，持续12周。
结果
就两个阶段变量的总体变化而言，与对照组相比，开心果组的糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）（-0.4%）和空腹血糖（FBG）浓度（-16毫克/分升）显著降低（两者p≤0.001）。体重指数、血压、稳态模型评估的胰岛素抵抗（HOMA-IR）和C反应蛋白（CRP）浓度没有总体显著变化。分别分析两个阶段发现，治疗组（A组）在12周后FBG降低了14毫克/分升，HbA1c降低了0.45%，而B组（对照组）没有显著差异。在第二阶段，开心果组（B组）的FBG从151.36±39.22降至137.28±28.65毫克/分升（-14毫克/分升），HbA1c从7.42±0.97降至7.15±0.68毫克/分升（-0.28%，分别为p = 0.013和p = 0.033）。食用开心果可降低治疗组患者的收缩压（p = 0.007）、体重指数（p = 0.011）和CRP（p = 0.002），但对胰岛素抵抗没有影响。
结论
将开心果作为零食食用对糖尿病患者的血糖控制、血压、肥胖和炎症指标有有益影响。
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