Papanastasiou Stella A, Papadopoulos Nikos T
Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Greece.
Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Greece
J Insect Sci. 2014 Jan 1;14:156. doi: 10.1093/jisesa/ieu018. Print 2014.
The European cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis cerasi (L.) (Diptera: Tephritidae), is the key pest of sweet and sour cherries in many European countries and west Asia. It is a univoltine species of the west Palaearctic zone that undergoes obligatory pupal diapause. In this study, the development of R. cerasi pupae that were brought to an optimum temperature for postdiapause development following a long chilling period is described. The six most representative developmental stages within the puparium are illustrated, and the developmental progression among the stages after the end of the chilling period is quantified. Within 20 d postchilling, there was a gradual progress from stage I to pharate adult. However, ∼30% of the pupae remained at the transitional stage II, after 20 d at 25°C (optimum temperature for development). This suggests that a proportion of pupae remain at an intermediate developmental stage for an extended period of time that goes beyond 20 d postchilling. The pupal stage II might be related to diapause termination and responsiveness to environmental cues. It may also define the time before developmental progress to pharate adult. This finding agrees with previous studies proposing that a number of R. cerasi pupae undergo prolonged diapause, though the morphological characteristics of these pupae have never been described before.
欧洲樱桃实蝇，即樱桃绕实蝇（Rhagoletis cerasi (L.)，双翅目：实蝇科），是许多欧洲国家和西亚地区甜樱桃和酸樱桃的主要害虫。它是古北区西部的单化性物种，需经历 obligatory 蛹滞育。在本研究中，描述了经过长时间低温处理后，处于滞育后发育最适温度下的樱桃绕实蝇蛹的发育情况。展示了蛹壳内六个最具代表性的发育阶段，并对低温期结束后各阶段之间的发育进程进行了量化。在低温处理后的20天内，从第一阶段到近成虫阶段有一个逐渐的发育进程。然而，在25°C（发育最适温度）下处理20天后，约30%的蛹仍处于过渡性的第二阶段。这表明一部分蛹在低温处理后20天以上的较长时间内仍处于中间发育阶段。蛹的第二阶段可能与滞育终止和对环境线索的反应有关。它也可能确定发育到近成虫阶段之前的时间。这一发现与之前的研究一致，即提出许多樱桃绕实蝇蛹会经历长时间的滞育，尽管这些蛹的形态特征此前从未被描述过。
