Department of Periodontics and Oral Biology, College of Dental Medicine, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA.
Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
J Periodontal Res. 2015 Oct;50(5):622-8. doi: 10.1111/jre.12242. Epub 2014 Nov 17.
An association between alcohol consumption and periodontitis has been suggested in the literature, but the evidence is still unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between alcohol consumption and periodontitis in a probability sample of adults from south Brazil.
This analysis included 1115 subjects aged 18-65 years derived from a representative sample from south Brazil. Data were collected from participants from clinical examination and structured interviews. Alcohol consumption was assessed by asking participants about the usual number of drinks consumed in a week. Four categories of alcohol consumption were defined: non-drinker, ≤ 1 glass/wk, > 1 glass/wk, ≤ 1 glass/d and > 1 glass/d. Individuals with ≥ 30% teeth with periodontal attachment loss ≥ 5 mm were classified as having periodontitis. Logistic models adjusting for age, race, socioeconomic status, dental care, body mass index, self-reported diabetes and smoking were used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and confidence intervals (95% CI).
After adjusting for co-factors, females who reported drinking > 1 glass/d were more likely to have periodontitis (OR = 3.8, 95% CI = 1.4-10.1), whereas females who reported drinking up to 1 glass/d were 50% less likely to have periodontitis (OR = 0.5, 95% CI = 0.3-0.8). No significant associations between overall alcohol intake and periodontitis were observed for males. In an exploratory analysis, wine consumption was associated with a lower likelihood of periodontitis among males (OR = 0.2, 95% CI = 0.1-0.5) but not females.
The periodontal health of males and females appears to be affected differently by alcohol consumption. Moderate wine consumption may have a beneficial effect in males.
文献中提示饮酒与牙周炎之间存在关联，但证据仍不明确。本研究旨在调查南巴西南部成年人饮酒与牙周炎之间的关系。
该分析纳入了 1115 名年龄在 18-65 岁之间的南巴西南部代表性样本的受试者。通过临床检查和结构访谈收集参与者的数据。通过询问参与者每周通常饮用的饮料数量来评估饮酒量。将饮酒量分为 4 个类别：非饮酒者、每周饮酒量≤1 杯、每周饮酒量>1 杯、每周饮酒量≤1 杯和每周饮酒量>1 杯。将牙周附着丧失≥30%且≥5mm 的牙齿数量≥30%的个体定义为患有牙周炎。使用调整年龄、种族、社会经济地位、牙齿保健、体重指数、自我报告的糖尿病和吸烟的 logistic 模型来估计比值比（OR）和置信区间（95%CI）。
在调整了混杂因素后，报告每周饮酒量>1 杯的女性更有可能患有牙周炎（OR=3.8，95%CI=1.4-10.1），而报告每周饮酒量≤1 杯的女性患牙周炎的可能性降低了 50%（OR=0.5，95%CI=0.3-0.8）。对于男性，总体饮酒量与牙周炎之间没有显著关联。在一项探索性分析中，男性饮酒与牙周炎的可能性降低相关（OR=0.2，95%CI=0.1-0.5），但在女性中无此关联。
男性和女性的牙周健康似乎受到饮酒的不同影响。适量饮用葡萄酒可能对男性有益。
