Akerblom Staffan, Bignert Anders, Meili Markus, Sonesten Lars, Sundbom Marcus
Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, SLU, P.O. Box 7050, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden,
Ambio. 2014;43 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):91-103. doi: 10.1007/s13280-014-0564-1.
The variability of mercury (Hg) levels in Swedish freshwater fish during almost 50 years was assessed based on a compilation of 44 927 observations from 2881 waters. To obtain comparable values, individual Hg concentrations of fish from any species and of any size were normalized to correspond to a standard 1-kg pike [median: 0.69 mg kg⁻¹ wet weight (ww), mean ± SD: 0.84 ± 0.67 mg kg⁻¹ ww]. The EU Environmental Quality Standard of 0.02 mg kg⁻¹ was exceeded in all waters, while the guideline set by FAO/WHO for Hg levels in fish used for human consumption (0.5-1.0 mg kg⁻¹) was exceeded in 52.5 % of Swedish waters after 2000. Different trend analysis approaches indicated an overall long-term decline of at least 20 % during 1965-2012 but trends did not follow any consistent regional pattern. During the latest decade (2003-2012), however, a spatial gradient has emerged with decreasing trends predominating in southwestern Sweden.
基于对2881个水域的44927份观测数据的汇总，评估了瑞典淡水鱼中汞（Hg）含量近50年的变化情况。为了获得可比数值，将任何物种、任何大小的鱼的汞浓度个体值进行标准化，使其对应于一条标准的1千克梭子鱼[中位数：0.69毫克/千克湿重（ww），平均值±标准差：0.84±0.67毫克/千克ww]。所有水域的汞含量均超过了欧盟0.02毫克/千克的环境质量标准，而2000年之后，瑞典52.5%的水域中用于人类消费的鱼类汞含量超过了粮农组织/世界卫生组织设定的指导值（0.5 - 1.0毫克/千克）。不同的趋势分析方法表明，在1965 - 2012年期间总体长期下降至少20%，但趋势并未呈现任何一致的区域模式。然而，在最近十年（2003 - 2012年），出现了一种空间梯度，瑞典西南部以下降趋势为主。
