Pawlak Aleksandra
Zakład Mikrobiologii, Instytut Genetyki i Mikrobiologii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski.
Postepy Hig Med Dosw (Online). 2014 Nov 17;68:1335-42. doi: 10.5604/17322693.1129123.
of food poisoning. One of the reservoirs of Salmonella are reptiles, which are increasingly kept as pets. Most reptiles are asymptomatic carriers of Salmonella. These strains, isolated from reptiles, can cause serious infections, especially in infants, young children and people with immunodeficiencies. The disease called reptile-associated salmonellosis (RAS) may manifest with bloody diarrhea, meningitis, and arthritis, and consequently can cause bacteremia and sepsis. Among the strains described in the literature, Salmonella strains possessing the O48 antigen are an important group. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Salmonella O48 contains sialic acid (NeuAc) in an O-specific-chain. LPS containing NeuAc exhibits antigenic similarity to antigens found in the human body, including blood serum, and therefore is correlated with the occurrence of the dangerous phenomenon of molecular mimicry. Bacteria containing NeuAc in their outer structures can evade the immunological response of the host, which significantly increases their virulence. Most data about RAS come from the USA, but in recent years cases from European countries are more frequent in the literature. Unfortunately, the occurrence of RAS in Poland has not been monitored so far. There is also no campaign to inform the public about the health risks connected with contact of people with reptiles.
食物中毒方面。沙门氏菌的宿主之一是爬行动物，如今越来越多的人将其作为宠物饲养。大多数爬行动物是沙门氏菌的无症状携带者。从爬行动物中分离出的这些菌株可引发严重感染，尤其是在婴儿、幼儿以及免疫功能低下的人群中。这种被称为爬行动物相关沙门氏菌病（RAS）的疾病可能表现为血性腹泻、脑膜炎和关节炎，进而可导致菌血症和败血症。在文献中描述的菌株中，具有O48抗原的沙门氏菌菌株是一个重要的类别。沙门氏菌O48的脂多糖（LPS）在O特异性链中含有唾液酸（NeuAc）。含有NeuAc的LPS与在人体中发现的抗原，包括血清中的抗原，表现出抗原相似性，因此与危险的分子模拟现象的发生相关。在其外部结构中含有NeuAc的细菌能够逃避宿主的免疫反应，这显著增加了它们的毒力。关于RAS的大多数数据来自美国，但近年来欧洲国家的病例在文献中更为常见。不幸的是，波兰至今尚未对RAS的发生情况进行监测。也没有开展相关活动向公众宣传人与爬行动物接触所带来的健康风险。
