Khalaf Khaled, Miskelly John, Voge Elena, Macfarlane Tatiana V
University of Aberdeen Dental School and Hospital, Aberdeen, Aberdeenshire, UK.
J Orthod. 2014 Dec;41(4):299-316. doi: 10.1179/1465313314Y.0000000116.
To determine the prevalence and factors associated with hypotonia.
Systematic review and meta-analysis.
A search strategy was developed along with inclusion criteria and run in MEDLINE and EMBASE (published from 2002 to August 2012) databases to reveal all studies on the prevalence of hypodontia or associated factors. A hand search of reference lists and a Google search aimed to improve the sensitivity of the literature search.
All studies on the prevalence of hypodontia or associated factors published from 2002 onwards were included. Abstracts of non-English papers were also analyzed.
All potential articles were checked against the inclusion criteria independently, and in duplicate by two investigators. A checklist was used to assess the quality of selected studies.
Prevalence of hypodontia, excluding third molars.
The overall prevalence of hypodontia was found to be 6.4% (95% CI: 5.7, 7.2). There was a statistically significant difference in the prevalence of hypodontia by continent (Q = 34.18, P<0.001). Prevalence of hypodontia was the highest in Africa: 13.4% (95% CI: 9.7, 18.0), followed by Europe (7% CI: 6.0-8.0%), Asia (6.3% CI: 4.4, 9.1) and Australia (6.3% CI: 5.3, 7.4) with a lower prevalence in North America (5.0% CI: 4.1-5.9) and Latin America and Caribbean (4.4% CI: 3.2-6.1). Females were found to have a higher prevalence than males (combined OR 1.22; 95% CI: 1.14, 1.30). The most commonly affected teeth were mandibular second premolars followed by maxillary lateral incisors and maxillary second premolars. The prevalence of mild, moderate and severe hypodontia was found to be 81.6, 14.3 and 3.1% respectively.
There was a high variation in the prevalence of hypodontia between the studies. African populations were found to have a higher risk for tooth agenesis and there was an increased risk for females to have hypodontia than males.
确定肌张力减退的患病率及其相关因素。
系统评价和荟萃分析。
制定了检索策略及纳入标准，并在MEDLINE和EMBASE数据库（2002年至2012年8月发表）中进行检索，以找出所有关于缺牙患病率或相关因素的研究。通过手工检索参考文献列表和谷歌搜索，旨在提高文献检索的敏感性。
纳入2002年以后发表的所有关于缺牙患病率或相关因素的研究。还分析了非英文论文的摘要。
所有潜在文章均由两名研究者独立对照纳入标准进行检查，并进行重复检查。使用清单评估所选研究的质量。
不包括第三磨牙的缺牙患病率。
发现缺牙的总体患病率为6.4%（95%置信区间：5.7, 7.2）。不同大洲的缺牙患病率存在统计学显著差异（Q = 34.18，P<0.001）。非洲的缺牙患病率最高：13.4%（95%置信区间：9.7, 18.0），其次是欧洲（7%置信区间：6.0 - 8.0%）、亚洲（6.3%置信区间：4.4, 9.1）和澳大利亚（6.3%置信区间：5.3, 7.4），北美洲（5.0%置信区间：4.1 - 5.9）以及拉丁美洲和加勒比地区（4.4%置信区间：3.2 - 6.1）的患病率较低。发现女性的患病率高于男性（合并比值比1.22；95%置信区间：1.14, 1.30）。最常受影响的牙齿是下颌第二前磨牙，但上颌侧切牙和上颌第二前磨牙也较为常见。轻度、中度和重度缺牙的患病率分别为81.6%、14.3%和3.1%。
各项研究中缺牙患病率差异很大。发现非洲人群牙齿发育不全的风险较高，女性患缺牙的风险高于男性。
