Skuce P J, Fairweather I
Department of Zoology, Queen's University of Belfast, Northern Ireland.
Parasitol Res. 1989;75(3):223-32. doi: 10.1007/BF00931280.
The effect on the tegument of adult Fasciola hepatica of incubation in the sodium ionophore monensin, the Na+/K+-ATPase inhibitor ouabain and ouabain pretreatment followed by monensin has been determined in vitro by scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM, TEM). With monensin incubation alone (1 x 10(-6) M), a flattening of the tegument with some loss of spines on the ventral surface is evident from 0.5 h onwards. Internally, the subtegumental musculature becomes grossly swollen, although there is no swelling of the infoldings of the basal plasma membrane of the tegument, even after 24 h incubation. Ouabain incubation (1 x 10(-3) M) induces folding of the apical surface of the tegument from 0.5 h onwards, and this is accompanied by the formation of blebs and microvilli. Brief (0.5 h) exposure to ouabain (1 x 10(-3) M) followed by monensin treatment (1 x 10(-4) M, 3 h) leads to gross "vacuolation" of the tegument, but this is not due to swelling of the basal infoldings. The other main feature of ouabain-pretreated flukes is the projection of basal lamina-like material into the tegumental syncytium. Monensin treatment alone (1 x 10(-6) M) results in the Golgi complexes of the tegumental cells becoming very diffuse from 1.5 h onwards, and relatively few secretory bodies are present in the cytoplasm. After 0.5 h incubation in ouabain (1 x 10(-3) M), the Golgi complexes of the tegumental cells are indistinct, although numerous secretory bodies are still present. The classical monensin-induced swelling of the Golgi cisternae is observed in the tegumental cells only when monensin treatment (1 x 10(-4) M, 3 h) was preceded by brief (0.5 h) exposure to ouabain (1 x 10(-3) M). The results are discussed in relation to the postulated osmoregulatory role of the tegument and the role of sodium pumps in membrane function in the fluke.
通过扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜（SEM、TEM）在体外测定了钠离子载体莫能菌素、Na⁺/K⁺-ATP酶抑制剂哇巴因以及先进行哇巴因预处理再用莫能菌素处理对成年肝片吸虫皮层的影响。单独用莫能菌素孵育（1×10⁻⁶M）时，从0.5小时起，皮层明显变平，腹面一些棘刺消失。在内部，皮层下肌肉组织严重肿胀，不过即使孵育24小时后，皮层基底质膜的内褶也没有肿胀。用哇巴因孵育（1×10⁻³M）从0.5小时起会诱导皮层顶端表面折叠，同时伴有小泡和微绒毛的形成。先用哇巴因（1×10⁻³M）短暂（0.5小时）处理，再用莫能菌素处理（1×10⁻⁴M，3小时）会导致皮层出现严重的“空泡化”，但这并非由于基底内褶肿胀所致。经哇巴因预处理的吸虫的另一个主要特征是类基膜物质向皮层合胞体突出。单独用莫能菌素处理（1×10⁻⁶M）从1.5小时起会导致皮层细胞的高尔基体变得非常分散，细胞质中存在的分泌小体相对较少。在哇巴因（1×10⁻³M）中孵育0.5小时后，皮层细胞的高尔基体不清晰，不过仍有大量分泌小体。只有在先用哇巴因（1×10⁻³M）短暂（0.5小时）处理，再用莫能菌素处理（1×10⁻⁴M，3小时）时，才会在皮层细胞中观察到经典的莫能菌素诱导的高尔基体潴泡肿胀现象。文中结合皮层假定的渗透调节作用以及吸虫膜功能中钠泵的作用对结果进行了讨论。
