Mokhayeri Yaser, Mahmoudi Mahmood, Haghdoost Ali Akbar, Amini Hassan, Asadi-Lari Mohsen, Holakouie Naieni Kourosh
1. MSc, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
2. PhD, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Med J Islam Repub Iran. 2014 Jul 26;28:80. eCollection 2014.
There is substantial lack of knowledge about the role of socioeconomic status (SES) indicators on life expectancy (LE) within-cities, especially within mega-cities. We aimed to investigate the disparities of LE within city districts of Tehran, Iran, and specify how SES inequalities play role on LE.
The death and population data for 2010 by different age, gender, and residency district were obtained from the main cemetery of Tehran and statistical centre of Iran, respectively. Age-specific mortality rates and consequently LE were calculated for all 22 districts by different genders. Finally, based on the results of first Tehran's Urban Health Equity Assessment and Response Tool (Urban HEART) project in 2008, the influence of social classes (SCs), total costs, and education indicators were analyzed on LE at birth (e0).
The e0 for total males and females in Tehran were calculated as 74.6 and 78.4 years for 2010, respectively. The maximum LE of 80 years was observed in females of northern part with higher SES, and the minimum e0 of 72.7 years observed in males of southern part with lower SES. The e0 gender gap among districts was 5.5 years for females and 3.7 years for males. The highest and lowest mean of e0 observed in SC1 (highest class) and SC5 (lowest class), were 77.6 and 76.0 years, respectively. The lowest mean of e0 observed in the first group of total costs indicator and was 76.2 years. In addition, the lowest observed mean of e0 was in the first category of education indicator (illiterate) and was 76.0 years.
RESULTS indicate substantial disparities in LE within city districts. This confirms that SES disparities within-cities would have direct influences on LE.
对于城市内部，尤其是特大城市内部社会经济地位（SES）指标对预期寿命（LE）的作用，人们知之甚少。我们旨在调查伊朗德黑兰各城区预期寿命的差异，并明确SES不平等如何影响预期寿命。
分别从德黑兰主要公墓和伊朗统计中心获取2010年不同年龄、性别和居住地区的死亡及人口数据。计算了所有22个区不同性别的年龄别死亡率及相应的预期寿命。最后，基于2008年德黑兰首个城市健康公平评估与应对工具（Urban HEART）项目的结果，分析了社会阶层（SCs）、总成本和教育指标对出生时预期寿命（e0）的影响。
2010年德黑兰男性和女性的e0分别计算为74.6岁和78.4岁。SES较高的北部女性预期寿命最高，为80岁；SES较低的南部男性e0最低，为72.7岁。各区女性e0性别差距为5.5岁，男性为3.7岁。在SC1（最高阶层）和SC5（最低阶层）中观察到的e0最高和最低平均值分别为77.6岁和76.0岁。在总成本指标的第一组中观察到的e0最低平均值为76.2岁。此外，在教育指标的第一类（文盲）中观察到的e0最低平均值为76.0岁。
结果表明城区内预期寿命存在显著差异。这证实了城市内部的SES差异会对预期寿命产生直接影响。
