Pacifico Severina, Piccolella Simona, Marciano Sabina, Galasso Silvia, Nocera Paola, Piscopo Vincenzo, Fiorentino Antonio, Monaco Pietro
Department of Environmental Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Second University of Naples , Via Vivaldi 43, I-81100 Caserta, Italy.
J Agric Food Chem. 2014 Dec 10;62(49):11957-66. doi: 10.1021/jf504544x. Epub 2014 Dec 1.
The development of polyphenol neuroprotective nutraceuticals useful for functional foods could be a valuable strategy for counteracting oxidative stress relative diseases as Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Oxidative stress is one of the AD earliest event and seems to play a central role in Aβ generation, neuroinflammation, and neuronal apoptosis. In order to counteract AD neurodegeneration, the inhibition of the vicious cycle of Aβ generation and oxidation is an attractive therapeutic strategy, and antiamyloidogenic and antioxidant plant drugs could represent an alternative and valid approach. In this context, an alcoholic extract (Pl-M) from deterpenated Pistacia lentiscus L. leaves was investigated for its phenol composition through LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis. Besides the identified metabolites, ten compounds were reported for the first time as constituents of Pistacia lentiscus leaves. Through DPPH, ABTS, and ORAC methods, the antioxidant potential of the extract was initially investigated. In order to evaluate the preparation of a safe and no toxic extract, MTT, SRB, and LDH assays toward SH-5YSY, and SK-N-BE(2)-C human neuronal cell lines, as well as on C6 mouse glial cell line, were performed. Evaluating the protective effects from oxidant injury in SK-N-BE(2)-C cells cotreated with the plant complex and H2O2, or Aβ(25-35) fragment, it was observed that Pl-M extract exerted a significant cytoprotective response in both the oxidized cell systems. In particular, Pl-M extract was able to reduce by nearly 50% the Aβ(25-35) induced toxicity at 25.0 μg/mL dose level, whereas it counteracted almost completely the cytotoxic action at 100.0 μg/mL. Data obtained allow us to hypothesize the use of Pistacia lentiscus leaves, a broadly available and renewable source, as an alternative strategy for the enrichment of food matrices with polyphenol bioactives. The present study put the basis for bioavailability and preclinical studies, able to define Pl-M extract safety and efficacy.
开发对功能性食品有用的多酚神经保护营养保健品可能是对抗与氧化应激相关疾病（如阿尔茨海默病（AD））的一项有价值的策略。氧化应激是AD最早出现的事件之一，似乎在Aβ生成、神经炎症和神经元凋亡中起核心作用。为了对抗AD神经退行性变，抑制Aβ生成和氧化的恶性循环是一种有吸引力的治疗策略，抗淀粉样蛋白生成和抗氧化植物药物可能代表一种替代且有效的方法。在此背景下，通过LC-ESI-MS/MS分析研究了去萜化乳香黄连木叶的乙醇提取物（Pl-M）的酚类成分。除了已鉴定的代谢物外，首次报道了10种化合物为乳香黄连木叶的成分。通过DPPH、ABTS和ORAC方法，初步研究了该提取物的抗氧化潜力。为了评估制备一种安全无毒的提取物，对SH-5YSY、SK-N-BE(2)-C人神经母细胞瘤细胞系以及C6小鼠神经胶质细胞系进行了MTT、SRB和LDH检测。在用该植物复合物与H2O2或Aβ(25-35)片段共同处理的SK-N-BE(2)-C细胞中评估对氧化损伤的保护作用时，观察到Pl-M提取物在两种氧化细胞系统中均发挥了显著的细胞保护反应。特别是，Pl-M提取物在25.0μg/mL剂量水平下能够将Aβ(25-35)诱导的毒性降低近50%，而在100.0μg/mL时几乎完全抵消了细胞毒性作用。所获得的数据使我们能够推测，使用广泛可得且可再生的乳香黄连木叶作为用多酚生物活性物质丰富食品基质的替代策略。本研究为生物利用度和临床前研究奠定了基础，能够确定Pl-M提取物的安全性和有效性。
