Kikvidze Zaal, Tevzadze Gigi
4D Research Institute, Ilia State University, Room 310, Building E, 5 Cholokashvili Ave., 0162, Tbilisi, Georgia,
Ambio. 2015 Sep;44(5):452-7. doi: 10.1007/s13280-014-0580-1. Epub 2014 Nov 21.
Reports of the damage from wolf attacks have increased considerably over the last decade in Georgia (in the Caucasus). We interviewed locals about this problem in two focal regions: the Lanchkhuti area (in western Georgia) and Kazbegi District (in eastern Georgia) where livestock numbers had increased by an order of magnitude owing to dramatic shifts in the local economies over the last decade. This coincided with expanding habitats for wolves (abandoned plantations, for example). We found that the perceived damage from wolves was positively correlated with a poor knowledge of wolf habits and inappropriate livestock husbandry practices. Our results suggest a loss of traditional knowledge contributes strongly to the wolf-human conflicts in Georgia. Restoring traditional, simple but good practices--such as protecting herds using shepherd dogs and introducing bulls into the herds-can help one solve this problem.
在格鲁吉亚（高加索地区），过去十年间狼袭击造成的损失报告显著增加。我们就这一问题采访了两个重点地区的当地人：兰奇胡蒂地区（格鲁吉亚西部）和卡兹别吉区（格鲁吉亚东部），在过去十年里，由于当地经济的巨大转变，这两个地区的牲畜数量增加了一个数量级。这与狼栖息地的扩大（例如废弃种植园）相吻合。我们发现，人们认为狼造成的损失与对狼习性的了解不足以及不恰当的畜牧方式呈正相关。我们的结果表明，传统知识的丧失在很大程度上导致了格鲁吉亚的狼与人类冲突。恢复传统、简单但有效的做法——比如用牧羊犬保护畜群以及在畜群中引入公牛——有助于解决这一问题。
