Centro de Investigaciones en Geografía Ambiental (CIGA), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Antigua Carretera a Pátzcuaro No. 8701, Col. Ex-Hacienda de San José de la Huerta, 58190, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico.
Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Edifício C2, 1749-016, Lisbon, Portugal.
Ambio. 2018 Dec;47(8):908-923. doi: 10.1007/s13280-018-1040-0. Epub 2018 Mar 12.
It has been suggested that traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) may play a key role in forest conservation. However, empirical studies assessing to what extent TEK is associated with forest conservation compared with other variables are rare. Furthermore, to our knowledge, the spatial overlap of TEK and forest conservation has not been evaluated at fine scales. In this paper, we address both issues through a case study with Tsimane' Amerindians in the Bolivian Amazon. We sampled 624 households across 59 villages to estimate TEK and used remote sensing data to assess forest conservation. We ran statistical and spatial analyses to evaluate whether TEK was associated and spatially overlapped with forest conservation at the village level. We find that Tsimane' TEK is significantly and positively associated with forest conservation although acculturation variables bear stronger and negative associations with forest conservation. We also find a very significant spatial overlap between levels of Tsimane' TEK and forest conservation. We discuss the potential reasons underpinning our results, which provide insights that may be useful for informing policies in the realms of development, conservation, and climate. We posit that the protection of indigenous cultural systems is vital and urgent to create more effective policies in such realms.
有人认为，传统生态知识（TEK）可能在森林保护中发挥关键作用。然而，评估 TEK 与森林保护相关程度的实证研究与其他变量相比却很少。此外，据我们所知，TEK 与森林保护的空间重叠在精细尺度上尚未得到评估。本文通过对玻利维亚亚马逊地区的 Tsimane' 美洲原住民的案例研究解决了这两个问题。我们在 59 个村庄中对 624 户家庭进行了抽样调查，以估计 TEK，并使用遥感数据评估森林保护情况。我们进行了统计和空间分析，以评估 TEK 是否与村庄层面的森林保护相关且存在空间重叠。我们发现，尽管文化适应变量与森林保护的关联更强且呈负相关，但 Tsimane' 的 TEK 与森林保护呈显著正相关。我们还发现 Tsimane' 的 TEK 水平与森林保护之间存在非常显著的空间重叠。我们讨论了支撑我们研究结果的潜在原因，这些结果为发展、保护和气候等领域的政策制定提供了有价值的见解。我们认为，保护土著文化系统对于制定更有效的政策至关重要且紧迫。
