Suzuki Hiroyuki, Kuraoka Masataka, Yasunaga Masashi, Nonaka Kumiko, Sakurai Ryota, Takeuchi Rumi, Murayama Yoh, Ohba Hiromi, Fujiwara Yoshinori
Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
BMC Geriatr. 2014 Nov 21;14:122. doi: 10.1186/1471-2318-14-122.
Non-pharmacological interventions are expected to be important strategies for reducing the age-adjusted prevalence of senile dementia, considering that complete medical treatment for cognitive decline has not yet been developed. From the viewpoint of long-term continuity of activity, it is necessary to develop various cognitive stimulating programs. The aim of this study is to examine the effectiveness of a cognitive intervention through a training program for picture book reading for community-dwelling older adults.
Fifty-eight Japanese older participants were divided into the intervention and control groups using simple randomization (n =29 vs 29). In the intervention group, participants took part in a program aimed at learning and mastering methods of picture book reading as a form of cognitive training intervention. The control group listened to lectures about elderly health maintenance. Cognitive tests were conducted individually before and after the programs.
The rate of memory retention, computed by dividing Logical Memory delayed recall by immediate recall, showed a significant interaction (p < .05) in analysis of covariance. Simple main effects showed that the rate of memory retention of the intervention group improved after the program completion (p < .05). In the participants with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) examined by Japanese version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-J) (n =14 vs 15), significant interactions were seen in Trail Making Test-A (p < .01), Trail Making Test-B (p < .05), Kana pick-out test (p < .05) and the Mini-Mental State Examination (p < .05).
The intervention effect was found in delayed verbal memory. This program is also effective for improving attention and executive function in those with MCI. The short-term interventional findings suggest that this program might contribute to preventing a decline in memory and executive function.
TRIAL REGISTRATION UMIN-CTR: UMIN000014712 (Date of ICMJE and WHO compliant trial information disclosure: 30 July 2014).
鉴于尚未开发出针对认知衰退的完整药物治疗方法，非药物干预有望成为降低老年痴呆症年龄调整患病率的重要策略。从活动的长期连续性角度来看，有必要开发各种认知刺激项目。本研究的目的是通过一项针对社区居住老年人的绘本阅读训练项目来检验认知干预的效果。
58名日本老年参与者通过简单随机化分为干预组和对照组（n = 29对29）。在干预组中，参与者参加了一个旨在学习和掌握绘本阅读方法的项目，作为一种认知训练干预形式。对照组听取了关于老年人健康维护的讲座。在项目前后分别进行个体认知测试。
通过将逻辑记忆延迟回忆除以即时回忆计算得出的记忆保持率，在协方差分析中显示出显著的交互作用（p <.05）。简单主效应表明，干预组在项目完成后的记忆保持率有所提高（p <.05）。在通过日本版蒙特利尔认知评估（MoCA-J）检查的轻度认知障碍（MCI）参与者中（n = 14对15），在连线测验A（p <.01）、连线测验B（p <.05）、假名挑选测验（p <.05）和简易精神状态检查表（p <.05）中观察到显著的交互作用。
在延迟言语记忆方面发现了干预效果。该项目对改善MCI患者的注意力和执行功能也有效。短期干预结果表明，该项目可能有助于预防记忆和执行功能的衰退。
试验注册UMIN-CTR：UMIN000014712（ICMJE和WHO合规试验信息披露日期：2014年7月30日）。
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