Kotera S, Matsuda N
Department of International Health, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.
Int Nurs Rev. 2015 Mar;62(1):21-7. doi: 10.1111/inr.12133. Epub 2014 Nov 24.
To investigate the factors associated with the role performance of public health nurses as clinical instructors in Japan.
Newly graduated public health nurses in Japan have competencies that are below the minimum requirements of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare because of their limited clinical experience in undergraduate clinical education. Public health nurses play crucial roles in the clinical practicum and their role performance as clinical instructors is a key to successful learning outcomes.
This study targeted public health nurses in governmental public health centres and those who had gained experience as an undergraduate clinical instructor for nursing students. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to a national sample of 1467 public health nurses. Data were collected from July 2011 to September 2011.
In total, 722 of 1467 questionnaires were completed (nurse age 22-64 years). Of the participants, almost half (49%) strongly disagreed (3%) or disagreed (46%) that they had confidence in their role as a clinical instructor, and preparation programmes for clinical instructors had been attended by just 262 (36.3%). Years of experience as public health nurses, previous attendance of preparation programmes, viewing their role positively, professional identity and professional competency were significantly associated with performance. Logistic regression analysis revealed that nurses with higher role performance scores had higher self-confidence, greater interests in their role and higher professional identity.
The self-confidence and interests of public health nurses in their role as clinical instructors as well as their professional identity were found to be significant predictors of their role performance as clinical instructors.
The factors identified in our investigation can be used to predict effective clinical instructors and to develop preparation programmes to enhance their confidence and interests and potentially increase their role satisfaction.
调查与日本公共卫生护士作为临床带教老师角色表现相关的因素。
由于在本科临床教育中临床经验有限，日本新毕业的公共卫生护士的能力低于厚生劳动省的最低要求。公共卫生护士在临床实习中发挥着关键作用，他们作为临床带教老师的角色表现是取得成功学习成果的关键。
本研究的对象是政府公共卫生中心的公共卫生护士以及那些有过本科护理学生临床带教经验的护士。向全国1467名公共卫生护士发放了自填式问卷。数据收集时间为2011年7月至2011年9月。
1467份问卷中共有722份完成（护士年龄22 - 64岁）。在参与者中，近一半（49%）强烈不同意（3%）或不同意（46%）他们对自己作为临床带教老师的角色有信心，只有262人（36.3%）参加过临床带教老师的培训课程。公共卫生护士的工作年限、之前参加培训课程的经历、对自身角色的积极看法、职业认同感和专业能力与角色表现显著相关。逻辑回归分析显示，角色表现得分较高的护士自信心更强、对自身角色兴趣更大且职业认同感更高。
发现公共卫生护士作为临床带教老师的自信心、兴趣以及他们的职业认同感是其作为临床带教老师角色表现的重要预测因素。
我们调查中确定的因素可用于预测有效的临床带教老师，并制定培训计划以增强他们的信心和兴趣，可能提高他们的角色满意度。
