Sarfati Y, Hardy-Bayle M C, Nadel J, Chevalier J F, Widlocher D
Cogn Neuropsychiatry. 1997 Feb 1;2(1):1-18. doi: 10.1080/135468097396388.
The purpose of this paper is to validate experimentally the hypothesis that postulates a distorted attribution of mental states to others in schizophrenics. Twelve subjects with a diagnosis of schizophrenia were compared with a normal and a clinical control group. Subjects were asked to read a comic strip (with no verbal material) and to choose one of the two answer cards which seemed the most logical to complete the sequence based on the supposed mental state of the character. The results of this study confirm the principal hypothesis that schizophrenics with thought and language disorders have an impaired ability to attribute intentions and false beliefs as they figure in this experiment. Although the theory of mind deficit was specific to schizophrenia for the attribution of false beliefs, no difference was found between the schizophrenic group and the depressed group for the attribution of intentions. Schizophrenics' choice is based specifically on a socially familiar experience rather than the context of the story.
本文的目的是通过实验验证一个假设，该假设假定精神分裂症患者对他人心理状态的归因存在扭曲。将12名被诊断为精神分裂症的受试者与一个正常对照组和一个临床对照组进行比较。受试者被要求阅读一幅连环漫画（没有文字内容），并从两张答案卡片中选择一张，根据角色假定的心理状态，这张卡片似乎最符合逻辑地完成情节。这项研究的结果证实了主要假设，即患有思维和语言障碍的精神分裂症患者在本实验中表现出在归因意图和错误信念方面能力受损。尽管心理理论缺陷在错误信念归因方面是精神分裂症所特有的，但在意图归因方面，精神分裂症组和抑郁症组之间没有发现差异。精神分裂症患者的选择特别基于社会熟悉的经验，而非故事背景。
