Maïga Hamidou, Damiens David, Niang Abdoulaye, Sawadogo Simon P, Fatherhaman Omnia, Lees Rosemary S, Roux Olivier, Dabiré Roch K, Ouédraogo Georges A, Tripet Fréderic, Diabaté Abdoulaye, Gilles Jeremie R L
Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé/Centre Muraz, BP 545 Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.
Malar J. 2014 Nov 26;13:460. doi: 10.1186/1475-2875-13-460.
Understanding the factors that account for male mating competitiveness is critical to the development of the sterile insect technique (SIT). Here, the effects of partial sterilization with 90 Gy of radiation on sexual competitiveness of Anopheles coluzzii allowed to mate in different ratios of sterile to untreated males have been assessed. Moreover, competitiveness was compared between males allowed one versus two days of contact with females.
Sterile and untreated males four to six days of age were released in large cages (~1.75 sq m) with females of similar age at the following ratios of sterile males: untreated males: untreated virgin females: 100:100:100, 300:100:100, 500:100:100 (three replicates of each) and left for two days. Competitiveness was determined by assessing the egg hatch rate and the insemination rate, determined by dissecting recaptured females. An additional experiment was conducted with a ratio of 500:100:100 and a mating period of either one or two days. Two controls of 0:100:100 (untreated control) and 100:0:100 (sterile control) were used in each experiment.
When males and females consort for two days with different ratios, a significant difference in insemination rate was observed between ratio treatments. The competitiveness index (C) of sterile males compared to controls was 0.53. The number of days of exposure to mates significantly increased the insemination rate, as did the increased number of males present in the untreated: sterile male ratio treatments, but the number of days of exposure did not have any effect on the hatch rate.
The comparability of the hatch rates between experiments suggest that An. coluzzii mating competitiveness experiments in large cages could be run for one instead of two days, shortening the required length of the experiment. Sterilized males were half as competitive as untreated males, but an effective release ratio of at least five sterile for one untreated male has the potential to impact the fertility of a wild female population. However, further trials in field conditions with wild males and females should be undertaken to estimate the ratio of sterile males to wild males required to produce an effect on wild populations.
了解影响雄性交配竞争力的因素对于不育昆虫技术（SIT）的发展至关重要。在此，评估了用90 Gy辐射进行部分绝育对不同不育雄蚊与未处理雄蚊交配比例下的科氏疟蚊性竞争力的影响。此外，还比较了与雌蚊接触一天和两天的雄蚊之间的竞争力。
将4至6日龄的不育和未处理雄蚊与年龄相似的雌蚊以以下不育雄蚊比例放入大笼子（约1.75平方米）中：不育雄蚊：未处理雄蚊：未处理处女雌蚊 = 100:100:100、300:100:100、500:100:100（每个比例重复三次），放置两天。通过评估卵孵化率和受精率来确定竞争力，受精率通过解剖重新捕获的雌蚊来确定。另外进行了一个实验，比例为500:100:100，交配期为一天或两天。每个实验使用两个对照组，分别为0:100:100（未处理对照）和100:0:100（不育对照）。
当雄蚊和雌蚊以不同比例交配两天时，在比例处理之间观察到受精率存在显著差异。与对照组相比，不育雄蚊的竞争力指数（C）为0.53。与雌蚊接触的天数显著提高了受精率，未处理雄蚊与不育雄蚊比例处理中雄蚊数量的增加也提高了受精率，但接触天数对孵化率没有任何影响。
实验之间孵化率的可比性表明，在大笼子中进行的科氏疟蚊交配竞争力实验可以进行一天而不是两天，从而缩短实验所需时间。绝育雄蚊的竞争力只有未处理雄蚊的一半，但至少五比一的有效释放比例有可能影响野生雌蚊种群的生育能力。然而，应在野外条件下对野生雄蚊和雌蚊进行进一步试验，以估计对野生种群产生影响所需的不育雄蚊与野生雄蚊的比例。
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