Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
Rep Prog Phys. 2014 Dec;77(12):122401. doi: 10.1088/0034-4885/77/12/122401. Epub 2014 Nov 27.
This article overviews topological excitations in spinor Bose-Einstein condensates of dilute atomic gases. Various types of line defects, point defects and skyrmions are discussed. A brief review of homotopy theory is presented for use in the classification of possible topological excitations in individual quantum phases. Some recent experiments are also reviewed.
本文综述了稀薄原子气体中玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚的自旋拓扑激发。讨论了各种类型的线缺陷、点缺陷和 Skyrmions。简要介绍了同伦理论，用于对单个量子相中的可能拓扑激发进行分类。还回顾了一些最近的实验。
