Schellhaaß A, Popp E
Sektion Notfallmedizin, Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120, Heidelberg, Deutschland,
Anaesthesist. 2014 Dec;63(12):971-80; quiz 981-2. doi: 10.1007/s00101-014-2356-1.
Germany has a nationwide and powerful helicopter emergency medical services system (HEMS), which executes primary rescue missions and interhospital transfer of intensive care patients. In recent years the range of HEMS missions has become modified due to demographic changes and structural changes in the healthcare system. Furthermore, the number of HEMS missions is steadily increasing. If reasonably used air rescue contributes to desired reductions in overall preclinical time. Moreover, it facilitates prompt transport of patients to a hospital suitable for definitive medical care and treatment can be initiated earlier which is a particular advantage for severely injured and critically ill patients. Because of complex challenges during air rescue missions the qualifications of the HEMS personnel have to be considerably higher in comparison with ground based emergency medical services.
德国拥有一个覆盖全国且强大的直升机紧急医疗服务系统（HEMS），该系统执行初级救援任务以及重症监护患者的院间转运。近年来，由于人口结构变化和医疗体系的结构调整，HEMS的任务范围有所改变。此外，HEMS的任务数量在稳步增加。如果合理使用，空中救援有助于按预期缩短总体院前时间。而且，它便于将患者迅速转运至适合进行确定性医疗护理的医院，从而能够更早地开始治疗，这对重伤员和危重症患者而言是一项特别的优势。由于空中救援任务期间面临复杂挑战，与地面紧急医疗服务相比，HEMS人员的资质要求必须高得多。
