Mountain Rescue Association of Slovenia, Bleiweissova 34, 4000, Kranj, Slovenia.
Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med. 2012 Aug 20;20:56. doi: 10.1186/1757-7241-20-56.
The outcome of severely injured or ill patients can be time dependent. Short activation and approach times for emergency medical service (EMS) units are widely recognized to be important quality indicators. The use of a helicopter emergency medical service (HEMS) can significantly shorten rescue missions especially in mountainous areas. We aimed to analyze the HEMS characteristics that influence the activation and approach times.
In a multi-centre retrospective study, we analyzed 6121 rescue missions from nine HEMS bases situated in mountainous regions of four European countries.
We found large differences in mean activation and approach times among HEMS bases. The shortest mean activation time was 2.9 minutes; the longest 17.0 minutes. The shortest mean approach time was 10.4 minutes; the longest 45.0 minutes. Short times are linked (p < 0.001) to the following conditions: helicopter operator is not state owned; HEMS is integrated in EMS; all crew members are at the same location; doctors come from state or private health institutions; organization performing HEMS is privately owned; helicopters are only for HEMS; operation area is around 10.000 km2; HEMS activation is by a dispatching centre of regional government who is in charge of making decisions; there is only one intermediator in the emergency call; helicopter is equipped with hoist or fixed line; HEMS has more than one base with helicopters, and one team per base; closest neighboring base is 90 km away; HEMS is about 20 years old and has more than 650 missions per year; and modern helicopters are used.
An improvement in HEMS activation and approach times is possible. We found 17 factors associated with shorter times.
严重受伤或患病患者的治疗结果可能与时间有关。紧急医疗服务（EMS）单位的快速激活和接近时间被广泛认为是重要的质量指标。直升机紧急医疗服务（HEMS）的使用可以大大缩短救援任务的时间，特别是在山区。我们旨在分析影响 HEMS 激活和接近时间的 HEMS 特征。
在一项多中心回顾性研究中，我们分析了来自位于四个欧洲国家山区的九个 HEMS 基地的 6121 次救援任务。
我们发现 HEMS 基地之间的平均激活和接近时间存在很大差异。最短的平均激活时间为 2.9 分钟，最长的为 17.0 分钟。最短的平均接近时间为 10.4 分钟，最长的为 45.0 分钟。较短的时间与以下条件有关（p < 0.001）：直升机运营商不是国有；HEMS 集成在 EMS 中；所有机组人员都在同一地点；医生来自国有或私立医疗机构；执行 HEMS 的组织为私营组织；直升机仅用于 HEMS；作业区域约为 10000 平方公里；HEMS 的激活由负责做出决策的地区政府调度中心负责；紧急呼叫只有一个中间人；直升机配备了提升器或固定绳索；HEMS 有一个以上的基地和一个基地的一个团队；最近的基地距离为 90 公里；HEMS 已有 20 年的历史，每年有超过 650 次任务；并且使用了现代直升机。
可以提高 HEMS 激活和接近时间。我们发现了 17 个与缩短时间相关的因素。
