Toraya-Brown Seiko, Fiering Steven
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth , Hanover , New Hampshire .
Int J Hyperthermia. 2014 Dec;30(8):531-9. doi: 10.3109/02656736.2014.968640.
Abstract Local tumour hyperthermia for cancer treatment is currently used either for ablation purposes as an alternative to surgery or less frequently, in combination with chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy to enhance the effects of those traditional therapies. As it has become apparent that activating the immune system is crucial to successfully treat metastatic cancer, the potential of boosting anti-tumour immunity by heating tumours has become a growing area of cancer research. After reviewing the history of hyperthermia therapy for cancer and introducing methods for inducing local hyperthermia, this review describes different mechanisms by which heating tumours can elicit anti-tumour immune responses, including tumour cell damage, tumour surface molecule changes, heat shock proteins, exosomes, direct effects on immune cells, and changes in the tumour vasculature. We then go over in vivo studies that provide promising results showing that local hyperthermia therapy indeed activates various systemic anti-tumour immune responses that slow growth of untreated tumours. Finally, future research questions that will help bring the use of local hyperthermia as systemic immunotherapy closer to clinical application are discussed.
摘要 局部肿瘤热疗用于癌症治疗，目前要么作为手术替代方案用于消融目的，要么较少用于与化疗和/或放疗联合以增强这些传统疗法的效果。由于激活免疫系统对于成功治疗转移性癌症至关重要，通过加热肿瘤来增强抗肿瘤免疫力的潜力已成为癌症研究中一个不断发展的领域。在回顾了癌症热疗的历史并介绍了诱导局部热疗的方法后，本综述描述了加热肿瘤引发抗肿瘤免疫反应的不同机制，包括肿瘤细胞损伤、肿瘤表面分子变化、热休克蛋白、外泌体、对免疫细胞的直接作用以及肿瘤血管系统的变化。然后我们回顾了体内研究，这些研究提供了有希望的结果，表明局部热疗确实激活了各种全身性抗肿瘤免疫反应，减缓了未治疗肿瘤的生长。最后，讨论了有助于使局部热疗作为全身免疫疗法更接近临床应用的未来研究问题。
