Du Rennan Y, Yiu Cynthia Ky, King Nigel M, Wong Virginia Cn, McGrath Colman Pj
The University of Hong Kong, China.
University of Western Australia, Australia.
Autism. 2015 Aug;19(6):746-51. doi: 10.1177/1362361314553439. Epub 2014 Nov 28.
To assess and compare the oral health status of preschool children with and without autism spectrum disorders.
A random sample of 347 preschool children with autism spectrum disorder was recruited from 19 Special Child Care Centres in Hong Kong. An age- and gender-matched sample was recruited from mainstream preschools as the control group. Dental caries status, gingival health status, tooth wear, malocclusion, dental trauma and oral mucosal health were assessed and compared between the two groups.
It was feasible to conduct a comprehensive oral health screening among 74.1% (257) of the children with autism spectrum disorder. The mean age was 59 ± 10 months (range from 32 to 77 months), of whom 84.4% were males. Children with autism spectrum disorder had better gingival health than children without autism spectrum disorder (mean plaque score and gingival score p < 0.001). Children with autism spectrum disorder had less caries experiences than children without autism spectrum disorder (mean decayed, missing and filled surfaces and decayed surfaces, p < 0.05). Children with and without autism spectrum disorder had similar prevalence of tooth wear, malocclusion, dental trauma experience and oral mucosal lesions (p > 0.05).
Differences in oral health status exist among preschool children with and without autism spectrum disorder. Preschool children with autism spectrum disorder exhibited lower caries experiences and better gingival health than children without autism spectrum disorder.
评估和比较患有和未患有自闭症谱系障碍的学龄前儿童的口腔健康状况。
从香港19所特殊儿童护理中心招募了347名患有自闭症谱系障碍的学龄前儿童作为随机样本。从主流幼儿园招募了年龄和性别匹配的样本作为对照组。对两组儿童的龋齿状况、牙龈健康状况、牙齿磨损、错牙合、牙外伤和口腔黏膜健康进行了评估和比较。
对74.1%（257名）患有自闭症谱系障碍的儿童进行全面口腔健康筛查是可行的。平均年龄为59±10个月（范围为32至77个月），其中84.4%为男性。患有自闭症谱系障碍的儿童牙龈健康状况优于未患有自闭症谱系障碍的儿童（平均菌斑评分和牙龈评分p<0.001）。患有自闭症谱系障碍的儿童龋齿经历少于未患有自闭症谱系障碍的儿童（平均龋失补牙面数和龋损面数，p<0.05）。患有和未患有自闭症谱系障碍的儿童在牙齿磨损、错牙合、牙外伤经历和口腔黏膜病变的患病率方面相似（p>0.05）。
患有和未患有自闭症谱系障碍的学龄前儿童在口腔健康状况上存在差异。患有自闭症谱系障碍的学龄前儿童龋齿经历低于未患有自闭症谱系障碍的儿童，牙龈健康状况更好。
