Prynda Magdalena, Pawlik Agnieszka Anna, Emich-Widera Ewa, Kazek Beata, Mazur Mikołaj, Niemczyk Wojciech, Wiench Rafał
Orthodontic Specialist, M-Dent Center for Esthetic Dentistry and Implantology, 34a/7 Sienkiewicza St., 50-335 Wrocław, Poland.
Specialist Dental Clinic dr n.med. Agnieszka Anna Pawlik, ul.Strumieńskiego 12/4, 41-400 Mysłowice, Poland.
J Clin Med. 2025 Mar 10;14(6):1868. doi: 10.3390/jcm14061868.
Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often face challenges in maintaining oral hygiene due to sensory sensitivities, behavioral difficulties, and limited access to specialized dental care. This study aimed to assess the oral hygiene status of children with ASD and compare it with neurotypical peers. : A cross-sectional study was conducted with 74 children with ASD and 74 neurotypical children. Dental exams measured oral hygiene and caries prevalence using the DMFT/dmft, Oral Hygiene Index (OHI), and Sulcus Bleeding Index (SBI). Tooth brushing frequency and dental visits were also recorded. Statistical analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney U test and Fisher's exact test. : Children with ASD had significantly poorer oral hygiene and higher caries rates compared to controls. Boys with ASD had higher DMFT scores, indicating more caries. Additionally, ASD children brushed their teeth less often and had fewer dental visits. Preventive treatments were underutilized in this group despite a higher need. : Children with ASD face notable oral health challenges, including poor hygiene, higher caries prevalence, and limited preventive care. These findings highlight the need for tailored interventions, improved parental education, and specialized dental care strategies for this population.
患有自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的儿童由于感官敏感、行为困难以及获得专业牙科护理的机会有限，在保持口腔卫生方面常常面临挑战。本研究旨在评估患有ASD的儿童的口腔卫生状况，并将其与发育正常的同龄人进行比较。：对74名患有ASD的儿童和74名发育正常的儿童进行了一项横断面研究。牙科检查使用DMFT/dmft、口腔卫生指数（OHI）和龈沟出血指数（SBI）来测量口腔卫生和龋齿患病率。还记录了刷牙频率和看牙医的次数。使用曼-惠特尼U检验和费舍尔精确检验进行统计分析。：与对照组相比，患有ASD的儿童口腔卫生明显较差，龋齿率更高。患有ASD的男孩DMFT得分更高，表明龋齿更多。此外，患有ASD的儿童刷牙频率更低，看牙医的次数更少。尽管需求更高，但该组中预防性治疗的使用率较低。：患有ASD的儿童面临显著的口腔健康挑战，包括卫生状况差、龋齿患病率高以及预防性护理有限。这些发现凸显了针对该人群采取量身定制的干预措施、加强家长教育以及制定专门牙科护理策略的必要性。
