Cornier Marc-Andre, Eckel Robert H
Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Mail Stop C26, 12348 E Montview Blvd, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA,
Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2015;17(2):475. doi: 10.1007/s11883-014-0475-4.
In this manuscript, three manifestations of statin intolerance will be covered. The first, myopathy, is mostly subjective with variable complaints of myalgias often worsened by exercise, muscle cramping or weakness, and at times associated with a biomarker, elevations in creatine kinase (CK). A rare but serious manifestation can be rhabdomyolysis. The second, liver toxicity, is associated with reversible biochemical increases in transaminases and rarely other liver function tests. Finally, statin-related central nervous system (CNS) toxicity typically defined as cognitive impairment is quite rare and appears to be idiosyncratic. Statin dose alternatives will then be discussed and highlighted in the setting of the new cholesterol-lowering guidelines. Non-statin lipid-altering therapies as well as other alternative therapies will also be reviewed.
在本手稿中,将涵盖他汀类药物不耐受的三种表现。第一种,肌病,大多是主观的,有各种肌痛主诉,常因运动、肌肉痉挛或无力而加重,有时与生物标志物肌酸激酶(CK)升高有关。一种罕见但严重的表现可能是横纹肌溶解。第二种,肝毒性,与转氨酶可逆性生化升高有关,很少与其他肝功能检查有关。最后,他汀类药物相关的中枢神经系统(CNS)毒性通常定义为认知障碍,非常罕见,似乎是特异质性的。然后将在新的降胆固醇指南背景下讨论并强调他汀类药物剂量替代方案。还将回顾非他汀类调脂疗法以及其他替代疗法。