Drame Fatou Maria, Foley Ellen E
Department of Geography, Gaston Berger University, St Louis, Senegal.
IDCE, Clark University, Worcester, MA, USA.
Soc Sci Med. 2015 May;133:296-303. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2014.11.038. Epub 2014 Nov 20.
In Senegal, recent data indicates that the HIV epidemic is increasingly driven by concurrent sexual partners among men and women in stable relationships. In order to respond to this changing epidemiological profile in Senegal, multi-lateral and national AIDS actors require information about these emerging trends in unstudied populations. To that end, this study has several objectives, first, to assess local dynamics of sexual behaviors among individuals at popular socializing venues in areas at increased risk of HIV transmission; and then to examine how particular venues may influence risks of HIV transmission. In 2013 we collected data at 314 venues in 10 cities in Senegal using PLACE methodology. These venues were listed with collaboration of 374 community informants. They are places where commercial sex workers, MSM, and individuals who are not part of any identified risk group socialize and meet new sexual partners. We conducted 2600 interviews at the 96 most popular venues. A significant portion of the sample reports buying or selling sex and the majority engaged in behavior considered high-risk for transmitting sexual infections. Almost a quarter of patrons interviewed in venues were young people aged 15-24 years. Types of venues described were very diverse. Half of them were venues (n = 156) where sex workers could be solicited and almost a third were venues where MSM could meet male partners (n = 90). The study showed existing pockets of vulnerability to HIV in Thies, Bignona or Saly that are not evident from aggregate HIV data. These early findings suggest links between risky behaviors and type of venue on the one hand and type of city on the other hand. Finally, these findings offer complementary insight to existing studies of HIV vulnerability in Senegal and support a case for venue-based interventions.
在塞内加尔，近期数据表明，稳定关系中的男女同时拥有多个性伴侣的情况日益成为该国艾滋病流行的驱动因素。为应对塞内加尔这一不断变化的流行病学特征，多边和国家艾滋病防治行动者需要了解这些未被研究人群中的新趋势信息。为此，本研究有几个目标，首先，评估艾滋病毒传播风险增加地区热门社交场所中个人的性行为局部动态；然后研究特定场所如何影响艾滋病毒传播风险。2013年，我们在塞内加尔10个城市的314个场所采用“场所定位与特征评估”（PLACE）方法收集了数据。这些场所是在374名社区线人的协助下列出的。它们是商业性工作者、男男性行为者以及不属于任何已确定风险群体的人进行社交并结识新性伴侣的地方。我们在96个最热门的场所进行了2600次访谈。很大一部分样本报告有买卖性行为，且大多数人有被认为是性传播感染高风险的行为。在场所接受访谈的顾客中，近四分之一是15至24岁的年轻人。所描述的场所类型非常多样。其中一半是可以招揽性工作者的场所（n = 156），近三分之一是男男性行为者可以结识男性伴侣的场所（n = 90）。该研究表明，在捷斯、比尼奥纳或萨利存在艾滋病毒易感染人群聚集区，而这些在总体艾滋病毒数据中并不明显。这些早期研究结果表明，一方面危险行为与场所类型有关，另一方面与城市类型有关。最后，这些研究结果为塞内加尔现有的艾滋病毒易感性研究提供了补充见解，并支持基于场所的干预措施。
