Vialard Lucie, Squiban Clara, Riveau Gilles, Hermann Emmanuel, Diop Doudou, Fournet Florence, Salem Gérard, Foley Ellen E
Laboratoire Dynamiques Sociales et Recomposition des Espaces (LADYSS), Université Paris Ouest Nanterre, Nanterre 92000, France.
Unité Mixte de Recherche Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs: Ecologie, Génétique, Evolution et Contrôle (MIVEGEC), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Montpellier 34394, France.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2017 Jan 22;14(1):106. doi: 10.3390/ijerph14010106.
This study contributes to the literature about the effects of space and place on health by introducing a socio-territorial approach to urban health disparities in West Africa. It explores how urban spaces, specifically neighbourhoods, are shaped by social and economic relations and strategies of territorial control. We examine the potential influence of socio-territorial processes on vulnerability to disease, access to medical care, healthscapes, and illness experiences. Our research was conducted in Senegal and relied on a mixed methods design. We identified four neighbourhoods that represent the socio-spatial heterogeneity of the city of Saint-Louis and utilized the following methods: geographic and anthropological field research, household surveys, health knowledge and behaviour surveys, clinical exams, and illness interviews. Our results highlight the socio-territorial processes at work in each neighbourhood, clinical findings on three health measures (overweight, high blood pressure, and hyperglycaemia) and health experiences of individuals with hypertension or type II diabetes. We found significant differences in the prevalence of the three health measures in the study sites, while experiences managing hypertension and diabetes were similar. We conclude that a socio-territorial approach offers insight into the complex constellation of forces that produce health disparities in urban settings.
本研究通过引入一种社会地域方法来探讨西非城市健康差异，为有关空间和场所对健康影响的文献做出了贡献。它探讨了城市空间，特别是社区，是如何由社会经济关系和地域控制策略塑造的。我们研究了社会地域过程对疾病易感性、医疗服务可及性、健康环境和患病经历的潜在影响。我们的研究在塞内加尔进行，采用了混合方法设计。我们确定了四个代表圣路易斯市社会空间异质性的社区，并采用了以下方法：地理和人类学实地研究、家庭调查、健康知识和行为调查、临床检查以及患病访谈。我们的研究结果突出了每个社区中起作用的社会地域过程、三项健康指标（超重、高血压和高血糖）的临床发现以及高血压或II型糖尿病患者的健康经历。我们发现研究地点中这三项健康指标的患病率存在显著差异，而高血压和糖尿病的管理经历则相似。我们得出结论，社会地域方法为洞察城市环境中产生健康差异的复杂力量组合提供了视角。
