Cooper Stacy L, Brown Patrick A
Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Johns Hopkins/National Institutes of Health, Bloomberg 11379, 1800 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
Pediatric Leukemia Program, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1650 Orleans Street, CRB1 Room 2M49, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA.
Pediatr Clin North Am. 2015 Feb;62(1):61-73. doi: 10.1016/j.pcl.2014.09.006. Epub 2014 Oct 18.
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common pediatric oncologic diagnosis, and advances in its treatment have led to progressive improvements in survival. The 4 main components of therapy are remission induction, consolidation, maintenance, and central nervous system-directed therapy, and usually last 2 to 3 years. Treatment intensity based on risk-based stratification is the cornerstone of treatment. Patients with features of more favorable disease are spared the more toxic effects of chemotherapy, whereas more aggressive regimens are reserved for those with higher-risk disease. Prognosis of relapsed pediatric ALL depends primarily on duration of remission and site of relapse.
急性淋巴细胞白血病（ALL）是儿童最常见的肿瘤诊断，其治疗进展使生存率不断提高。治疗的4个主要组成部分是缓解诱导、巩固、维持和中枢神经系统定向治疗，通常持续2至3年。基于风险分层的治疗强度是治疗的基石。具有疾病特征较为有利的患者可避免化疗的更多毒性作用，而更积极的方案则用于那些高危疾病患者。儿童复发性ALL的预后主要取决于缓解期的长短和复发部位。
