Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China.
Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China.
Biosens Bioelectron. 2015 Apr 15;66:297-307. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2014.11.041. Epub 2014 Nov 22.
The growing volume of sequence data confirm more and more candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), which are believed to reveal the genetic basis of individual susceptibility to disease and the diverse responses to treatment. There is therefore an urgent demand for developing the sensitive, rapid, easy-to-use, and cost-effective method to identify SNPs. During the last two decades, biosensing techniques have been developed by integrating the unique specificity of biological reactions and the high sensitivity of physical sensors, which provided significant advantages for the detection of SNPs. In this feature article, we focused attention on the strategies of SNP genotyping based on biosensors, including nucleic acid analogs, surface ligation reaction, single base extension, mismatch binding protein, molecular beacon, rolling circle amplification, and strand-displacement amplification. In addition, the perspectives on their advantages, current limitations, and future trends were also discussed. The biosensing technique would provide a promising alternative for the detection of SNPs, and pave the way for the diagnosis of genetic diseases and the design of appropriate treatments.
越来越多的序列数据证实了越来越多的候选单核苷酸多态性（SNPs），这些 SNPs 被认为揭示了个体对疾病的易感性和对治疗的不同反应的遗传基础。因此，迫切需要开发灵敏、快速、易于使用且具有成本效益的方法来识别 SNPs。在过去的二十年中，通过将生物反应的独特特异性与物理传感器的高灵敏度相结合，已经开发出了生物传感技术，这为 SNPs 的检测提供了显著优势。在这篇专题文章中，我们关注了基于生物传感器的 SNP 基因分型策略，包括核酸类似物、表面连接反应、单碱基延伸、错配结合蛋白、分子信标、滚环扩增和链置换扩增。此外，还讨论了它们的优点、当前的局限性和未来的趋势。生物传感技术将为 SNPs 的检测提供一种有前途的替代方法，并为遗传疾病的诊断和适当治疗的设计铺平道路。
