Maino James L, Kearney Michael R
Department of Zoology, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.
Am Nat. 2014 Dec;184(6):695-701. doi: 10.1086/678401. Epub 2014 Oct 28.
Design constraints imposed by increasing size cause metabolic rate in animals to increase more slowly than mass. This ubiquitous biological phenomenon is referred to as metabolic scaling. However, mechanistic explanations for interspecific metabolic scaling do not apply to ontogenetic size changes within a species, implying different mechanisms for scaling phenomena. Here, we show that the dynamic energy budget theory approach of compartmentalizing biomass into reserve and structural components provides a unified framework for understanding ontogenetic and interspecific metabolic scaling. We formulate the theory for insects and show that it can account for ontogenetic metabolic scaling during the embryonic and larval phases, as well as the U-shaped respiration curve during pupation. After correcting for the predicted ontogenetic scaling effects, which we show to follow universal curves, the scaling of respiration between species is approximated by a three-quarters power law, supporting past empirical studies on insect metabolic scaling and our theoretical predictions. The ability to explain ontogenetic and interspecific metabolic scaling effects under one consistent framework suggests that the partitioning of biomass into reserve and structure is a necessary foundation to a general metabolic theory.
体型增大所带来的设计限制使得动物的代谢率增长速度比体重增长速度更为缓慢。这种普遍存在的生物学现象被称为代谢比例关系。然而，种间代谢比例关系的机制性解释并不适用于同一物种内个体发育过程中的体型变化，这意味着比例关系现象存在不同的机制。在此，我们表明，将生物量划分为储备和结构成分的动态能量收支理论方法为理解个体发育和种间代谢比例关系提供了一个统一的框架。我们为昆虫阐述了该理论，并表明它能够解释胚胎期和幼虫期的个体发育代谢比例关系，以及化蛹期间的U形呼吸曲线。在修正了我们所表明的遵循通用曲线的预测个体发育比例效应之后，物种间呼吸的比例关系近似于四分之三幂律，这支持了过去关于昆虫代谢比例关系的实证研究以及我们的理论预测。在一个一致的框架下解释个体发育和种间代谢比例关系效应的能力表明，将生物量划分为储备和结构是一般代谢理论的必要基础。
