Ndabarora Eléazar, Mchunu Gugu
a MN, is a student of Master in Community Health Nursing , University of KwaZulu-Natal , Durban , South Africa.
SAHARA J. 2014;11(1):202-10. doi: 10.1080/17290376.2014.986517.
Various studies have reported that university students, who are mostly young people, rarely use existing HIV/AIDS preventive methods. Although studies have shown that young university students have a high degree of knowledge about HIV/AIDS and HIV modes of transmission, they are still not utilising the existing HIV prevention methods and still engage in risky sexual practices favourable to HIV. Some variables, such as awareness of existing HIV/AIDS prevention methods, have been associated with utilisation of such methods. The study aimed to explore factors that influence use of existing HIV/AIDS prevention methods among university students residing in a selected campus, using the Health Belief Model (HBM) as a theoretical framework. A quantitative research approach and an exploratory-descriptive design were used to describe perceived factors that influence utilisation by university students of HIV/AIDS prevention methods. A total of 335 students completed online and manual questionnaires. Study findings showed that the factors which influenced utilisation of HIV/AIDS prevention methods were mainly determined by awareness of the existing university-based HIV/AIDS prevention strategies. Most utilised prevention methods were voluntary counselling and testing services and free condoms. Perceived susceptibility and perceived threat of HIV/AIDS score was also found to correlate with HIV risk index score. Perceived susceptibility and perceived threat of HIV/AIDS showed correlation with self-efficacy on condoms and their utilisation. Most HBM variables were not predictors of utilisation of HIV/AIDS prevention methods among students. Intervention aiming to improve the utilisation of HIV/AIDS prevention methods among students at the selected university should focus on removing identified barriers, promoting HIV/AIDS prevention services and providing appropriate resources to implement such programmes.
多项研究报告称，大学生大多是年轻人，很少使用现有的艾滋病毒/艾滋病预防方法。尽管研究表明，年轻大学生对艾滋病毒/艾滋病及其传播方式有很高的认知度，但他们仍未采用现有的艾滋病毒预防方法，仍从事有利于感染艾滋病毒的危险性行为。一些变量，如对现有艾滋病毒/艾滋病预防方法的认知，已与这些方法的使用相关联。本研究旨在以健康信念模式（HBM）为理论框架，探索影响某选定校园内大学生使用现有艾滋病毒/艾滋病预防方法的因素。采用定量研究方法和探索性描述设计来描述影响大学生使用艾滋病毒/艾滋病预防方法的感知因素。共有335名学生完成了在线和纸质问卷。研究结果表明，影响艾滋病毒/艾滋病预防方法使用的因素主要取决于对现有的基于校园的艾滋病毒/艾滋病预防策略的认知。最常使用的预防方法是自愿咨询检测服务和免费避孕套。还发现艾滋病毒/艾滋病的感知易感性和感知威胁得分与艾滋病毒风险指数得分相关。艾滋病毒/艾滋病的感知易感性和感知威胁与避孕套使用的自我效能及其使用情况相关。大多数健康信念模式变量并非学生使用艾滋病毒/艾滋病预防方法的预测因素。旨在提高选定大学学生对艾滋病毒/艾滋病预防方法使用率的干预措施应侧重于消除已确定的障碍、推广艾滋病毒/艾滋病预防服务以及提供实施此类项目的适当资源。
