Wolff Mathieu, Alcaraz Fabien, Marchand Alain R, Coutureau Etienne
CNRS, INCIA, UMR 5287, 33076 Bordeaux, France; Université de Bordeaux, INCIA, UMR 5287, 33076 Bordeaux, France.
CNRS, INCIA, UMR 5287, 33076 Bordeaux, France; Université de Bordeaux, INCIA, UMR 5287, 33076 Bordeaux, France.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2015 Jul;54:120-30. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.11.011. Epub 2014 Nov 21.
Today, the idea that the integrity of the limbic thalamus is necessary for normal memory functions is well established. However, if the study of thalamic patients emphasized the anterior and the mediodorsal thalamus as the critical thalamic loci supporting cognitive functions, clinical studies have so far failed to attribute a specific role to each of these regions. In view of these difficulties, we review here the experimental data conducted in rodents harboring specific lesions of each thalamic region. These data clearly indicate a major functional dissociation within the limbic thalamus. The anterior thalamus provides critical support for hippocampal functions due to its cardinal location in the Papez circuit, while the mediodorsal thalamus may signal relevant information in a circuit encompassing the basolateral amygdala and the prefrontal cortex. Interestingly, while clinical studies have suggested that diencephalic pathologies may disconnect the medial temporal lobe from the cortex, experimental studies conducted in rodent show how this may differently affect distinct temporo-thalamo-cortical circuits, sharing the same general organization but supporting dissociable functions.
如今，边缘丘脑的完整性对于正常记忆功能而言是必要的这一观点已得到充分确立。然而，如果说针对丘脑病变患者的研究强调前丘脑和背内侧丘脑是支持认知功能的关键丘脑位点，那么临床研究至今仍未能明确赋予这些区域各自特定的作用。鉴于这些困难，我们在此回顾对啮齿动物进行的实验数据，这些实验针对每个丘脑区域制造了特定损伤。这些数据清楚地表明边缘丘脑内存在主要的功能分离。前丘脑因其在帕佩兹环路中的核心位置，为海马体功能提供关键支持，而背内侧丘脑可能在一个包含基底外侧杏仁核和前额叶皮层的环路中传递相关信息。有趣的是，虽然临床研究表明间脑病变可能会使内侧颞叶与皮层断开连接，但在啮齿动物身上进行的实验研究显示了这种情况如何以不同方式影响不同的颞叶 - 丘脑 - 皮层环路，这些环路虽具有相同的总体组织结构，但支持不同的功能。
