Werner Annette
Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Centre for Ophthalmology, Tübingen University, Germany.
Vision Res. 2014 Nov;104:80-9. doi: 10.1016/j.visres.2014.10.005. Epub 2014 Oct 16.
Illumination in natural scenes changes at multiple temporal and spatial scales: slow changes in global illumination occur in the course of a day, and we encounter fast and localised illumination changes when visually exploring the non-uniform light field of three-dimensional scenes; in addition, very long-term chromatic variations may come from the environment, like for example seasonal changes. In this context, I consider the temporal and spatial properties of chromatic adaptation and discuss their functional significance for colour constancy in three-dimensional scenes. A process of fast spatial tuning in chromatic adaptation is proposed as a possible sensory mechanism for linking colour constancy to the spatial structure of a scene. The observed middlewavelength selectivity of this process is particularly suitable for adaptation to the mean chromaticity and the compensation of interreflections in natural scenes. Two types of sensory colour constancy are distinguished, based on the functional differences of their temporal and spatial scales: a slow type, operating at a global scale for the compensation of the ambient illumination; and a fast colour constancy, which is locally restricted and well suited to compensate region-specific variations in the light field of three dimensional scenes.
全球光照的缓慢变化发生在一天的过程中，当我们视觉探索三维场景的非均匀光场时，会遇到快速且局部的光照变化；此外，非常长期的色彩变化可能来自环境，例如季节变化。在此背景下，我考虑色彩适应的时间和空间特性，并讨论它们对于三维场景中颜色恒常性的功能意义。提出了一种在色彩适应中进行快速空间调谐的过程，作为将颜色恒常性与场景空间结构联系起来的一种可能的感官机制。观察到该过程的中波长选择性特别适合于适应自然场景中的平均色度和相互反射的补偿。基于其时间和空间尺度的功能差异，区分了两种类型的感官颜色恒常性：一种是慢速类型，在全局尺度上运行以补偿环境光照；另一种是快速颜色恒常性，它受到局部限制，非常适合补偿三维场景光场中特定区域的变化。
