Monk A P, Choji K, O'Connor J J, Goodfellow J W, Murray D W
University of Oxford, NDORMS, Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7LD, UK.
Milton Keynes General NHS Trust, Milton Keynes, Buckinghamshire, MK6 5LD.
Bone Joint J. 2014 Dec;96-B(12):1623-30. doi: 10.1302/0301-620X.96B12.33964.
We scanned 25 left knees in healthy human subjects using MRI. Multiplanar reconstruction software was used to take measurements of the inferior and posterior facets of the femoral condyles and the trochlea. A 'basic circle' can be defined which, in the sagittal plane, fits the posterior and inferior facets of the lateral condyle, the posterior facet of the medial condyle and the floor of the groove of the trochlea. It also approximately fits both condyles in the coronal plane (inferior facets) and the axial plane (posterior facets). The circle fitting the inferior facet of the medial condyle in the sagittal plane was consistently 35% larger than the other circles and was termed the 'medial inferior circle'. There were strong correlations between the radii of the circles, the relative positions of the centres of the condyles, the width of the condyles, the total knee width and skeletal measurements including height. There was poor correlation between the radii of the circles and the position of the trochlea relative to the condyles. In summary, the condyles are approximately spherical except for the inferior facet medially, which has a larger radius in the sagittal plane. The size and position of the condyles are consistent and change with the size of the person. However, the position of the trochlea is variable even though its radius is similar to that of the condyles. This information has implications for understanding anterior knee pain and for the design of knee replacements.
我们使用磁共振成像（MRI）对25名健康人体受试者的左膝进行了扫描。利用多平面重建软件对股骨髁的下关节面和后关节面以及滑车进行测量。可以定义一个“基础圆”，在矢状面中，它与外侧髁的后关节面和下关节面、内侧髁的后关节面以及滑车沟底部相贴合。在冠状面（下关节面）和轴位平面（后关节面）中，它也大致与两个髁相贴合。在矢状面中，与内侧髁下关节面相贴合的圆始终比其他圆大35%，被称为“内侧下圆”。这些圆的半径、髁中心的相对位置、髁的宽度、全膝宽度以及包括身高在内的骨骼测量值之间存在很强的相关性。圆的半径与滑车相对于髁的位置之间相关性较差。总之，除了内侧的下关节面在矢状面半径较大外，髁大致呈球形。髁的大小和位置是一致的，并且会随着人的体型大小而变化。然而，尽管滑车的半径与髁相似，但其位置是可变的。这些信息对于理解膝前疼痛以及膝关节置换的设计具有重要意义。
