Mannion Aisling, Slade Pauline
Clinical Psychology Unit, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom.
Clinical Psychology - Ground Floor Whelan Building, Institute of Psychology, Health & Society, Brownlow Hill, University of Liverpool, Liverpool LG9 3GB, United Kingdom.
Schizophr Res. 2014 Dec;160(1-3):118-23. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2014.10.003. Epub 2014 Oct 23.
This study investigated whether psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) are prevalent amongst women in pregnancy and/or in the early postnatal phase, and whether the predictors identified in the literature for non-puerperal psychosis apply in a general sample of perinatal women.
101 women in their third trimester of pregnancy completed questionnaire measures of mood, subjective well-being, sleep, expectations about labour, and PLEs. 66 of these participants also completed questionnaires shortly after giving birth. The main outcome measures were scores on the Peters Delusions Inventory (PDI) and the Launay-Slade Hallucination Scale-Revised (LSHS-R).
During pregnancy, 80% of the samples endorsed at least one item on the PDI, and 76% endorsed at least one item on the LSHS-R. Endorsement rates were lower postnatally, with rates of 59% and 52% for the PDI and LSHS-R, respectively. Mean scores on the PDI were 3.07 during pregnancy and 1.61 postnatally. Mean scores on the LSHS-R were 8.38 during pregnancy and 5.24 postnatally. Hierarchical multiPLEs regression analyses revealed that ratings of depressive symptomatology significantly predicted PDI total score during pregnancy and LSHS-R total score postnatally, whilst postnatally, scores obtained on the PDI and LSHS-R postnatally were significantly predicted by scores on these measures during pregnancy. Fear in childbirth, but not in pregnancy, showed associations with PLEs but these associations were not maintained once multivariate analyses were conducted.
The results of this study support the continuum model of psychosis, by illustrating that PLEs occur frequently in perinatal individuals without a diagnosis of severe mental illness.
本研究调查了类精神病体验（PLEs）在孕期和产后早期女性中是否普遍存在，以及文献中确定的非产褥期精神病的预测因素是否适用于围产期女性的一般样本。
101名妊娠晚期女性完成了关于情绪、主观幸福感、睡眠、分娩期望和PLEs的问卷调查。其中66名参与者在分娩后不久也完成了问卷调查。主要结局指标是彼得斯妄想量表（PDI）和修订后的劳内-斯莱德幻觉量表（LSHS-R）的得分。
在孕期，80%的样本认可PDI上至少一项，76%的样本认可LSHS-R上至少一项。产后认可率较低，PDI和LSHS-R的认可率分别为59%和52%。孕期PDI的平均得分为3.07，产后为1.61。孕期LSHS-R的平均得分为8.38，产后为5.24。分层多元回归分析显示，抑郁症状评分在孕期显著预测PDI总分，在产后显著预测LSHS-R总分，而产后PDI和LSHS-R的得分显著由孕期这些量表的得分预测。分娩恐惧（而非孕期恐惧）与PLEs有关，但进行多变量分析后这些关联未持续存在。
本研究结果支持精神病的连续体模型，表明PLEs在未诊断为严重精神疾病的围产期个体中频繁出现。
