Meyers Linda, Frawley Thomas, Goss Sarah, Kang Christopher
Madigan Army Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Fort Lewis, WA.
Madigan Army Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Fort Lewis, WA.
Ann Emerg Med. 2015 Jan;65(1):101-8. doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2014.10.009. Epub 2014 Oct 23.
The 2014 Ebola outbreak in West Africa is the largest in history. Ebola viral disease is a severe and fatal illness characterized by a nonspecific viral syndrome followed by fulminant septic shock and coagulopathy. Despite ongoing efforts directed at experimental treatments and vaccine development, current medical management of Ebola viral disease is largely limited to supportive therapy, thus making early case identification and immediate implementation of appropriate control measures critical. Because a case of Ebola viral disease was confirmed in the United States on September 30, 2014, emergency medicine providers should be knowledgeable about it for a number of reasons: we are being called on to answer questions about Ebola and allay public fears, we are likely to be first to encounter an infected patient, and there are increasing numbers of US emergency physicians working in Africa who risk coming in direct contact with the disease. This article seeks to provide emergency physicians with the essential and up-to-date information required to identify, evaluate, and manage Ebola viral disease and to join global efforts to contain the current outbreak.
2014年西非爆发的埃博拉疫情是历史上规模最大的一次。埃博拉病毒病是一种严重的致命疾病，其特征是出现非特异性病毒综合征，随后是暴发性感染性休克和凝血病。尽管针对实验性治疗和疫苗研发一直在努力，但目前埃博拉病毒病的医疗管理在很大程度上仅限于支持性治疗，因此早期病例识别和立即实施适当的控制措施至关重要。由于2014年9月30日在美国确诊了一例埃博拉病毒病病例，急诊医学从业者应该了解该病，原因如下：我们被要求回答有关埃博拉的问题并减轻公众恐惧；我们很可能是最先接触到感染患者的人；越来越多在美国工作的急诊医生前往非洲，他们有直接接触该疾病的风险。本文旨在为急诊医生提供识别、评估和管理埃博拉病毒病所需的基本且最新的信息，并参与全球控制当前疫情的努力。
