Zawilińska Barbara, Kosz-Vnenchak Magdalena
Department of Virology, Chair of Microbiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland.
Folia Med Cracov. 2014;54(3):57-65.
Epidemic of Ebola hemorrhagic fever which appeared in the countries of West Africa in 2014, is the largest outbreak which occurred so far. The virus causing this epidemic, Zaire Ebolavirus (ZEBOV), along with four other species of Ebolaviruses is classified to the genus Ebolavirus in the family Filoviridae. ZEBOV is one of the most virulent pathogens among the viral haemorrhagic fevers, and case fatality rates up to 90% have been reported. Mortality is the result of multi-organ failure and severe bleeding complications. The aim of this review is to present the general characteristics of the virus and its biological properties, pathogenicity and epidemiology, with a focus on laboratory methods used in the diagnosis of these infections.
2014年出现在西非国家的埃博拉出血热疫情，是迄今为止发生的最大规模疫情。引发此次疫情的病毒——扎伊尔埃博拉病毒（ZEBOV），与其他四种埃博拉病毒一起，被归类于丝状病毒科埃博拉病毒属。ZEBOV是病毒性出血热中最具毒性的病原体之一，据报道病死率高达90%。死亡是多器官功能衰竭和严重出血并发症的结果。本综述的目的是介绍该病毒的一般特征及其生物学特性、致病性和流行病学，重点关注用于诊断这些感染的实验室方法。
