影响西方社会老年人疫苗接种率的因素。

Factors affecting the uptake of vaccination by the elderly in Western society.

作者信息

Eilers R, Krabbe P F M, de Melker H E

机构信息

University of Groningen, Academic Medical Center Groningen, Department of Epidemiology, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), P.O. Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands.

University of Groningen, Academic Medical Center Groningen, Department of Epidemiology, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands.

出版信息

Prev Med. 2014 Dec;69:224-34. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.10.017. Epub 2014 Oct 22.

DOI:10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.10.017

PMID:25456809

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To present the results of a literature review on factors related to vaccine uptake by elderly persons.

METHODS

A systematic literature search was performed using Medline, Embase, and SciSearch to collect all publications available on factors related to vaccine uptake from 1966 until October 2012 for West European and North American societies. In total, 1001 articles were identified and 60 were included in the review.

RESULTS

We identified six main themes that influence the willingness to be vaccinated: 1) attitudes and beliefs regarding vaccination in general including positive and negative attitudes and beliefs; 2) perceived risk and severity including knowledge, perceived susceptibility and severity and personal experience; 3) vaccine characteristics including side-effects, effectiveness, content of the vaccine and knowledge; 4) advice and information including influence of the healthcare worker and relatives and the information source and format; 5) general health-related behavior including previous vaccinations, visiting GP or senior center and other preventive behaviors; and 6) accessibility and affordability including logistics, combinations of vaccines and costs.

CONCLUSION

The most important factors related to vaccine uptake are people's attitudes and beliefs regarding vaccination (especially their negative attitudes), recommendations of healthcare workers, side effects and effectiveness of the vaccine, and perceived susceptibility.

摘要

目的

呈现关于老年人疫苗接种相关因素的文献综述结果。

方法

利用医学数据库（Medline）、荷兰医学文摘数据库（Embase）和科学信息数据库（SciSearch）进行系统的文献检索，以收集1966年至2012年10月期间有关西欧和北美社会疫苗接种相关因素的所有可用出版物。总共识别出1001篇文章，其中60篇纳入综述。

结果

我们确定了影响接种意愿的六个主要主题：1）对疫苗接种的总体态度和信念，包括积极和消极的态度及信念；2）感知风险和严重程度，包括知识、感知易感性和严重程度以及个人经历；3）疫苗特性，包括副作用、有效性、疫苗内容和知识；4）建议和信息，包括医护人员和亲属的影响以及信息来源和形式；5）一般健康相关行为，包括既往接种情况、就诊于全科医生或老年中心以及其他预防行为；6）可及性和可承受性，包括后勤、疫苗组合和成本。