Vieira Elaine, Burris Thomas P, Quesada Ivan
CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 08033 Barcelona, Spain.
Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Science, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63104, USA.
Trends Mol Med. 2014 Dec;20(12):685-93. doi: 10.1016/j.molmed.2014.10.007. Epub 2014 Nov 5.
Circadian physiology is responsible for the temporal regulation of metabolism to optimize energy homeostasis throughout the day. Disturbances in the light/dark cycle, sleep/wake schedule, or feeding/activity behavior can affect the circadian function of the clocks located in the brain and peripheral tissues. These alterations have been associated with impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes. Animal models with molecular manipulation of clock genes and genetic studies in humans also support these links. It has been demonstrated that the endocrine pancreas has an intrinsic self-sustained clock, and recent studies have revealed an important role of clock genes in pancreatic β cells, glucose homeostasis, and diabetes.
昼夜生理负责对新陈代谢进行时间调节，以优化一整天的能量平衡。光/暗周期、睡眠/觉醒时间表或进食/活动行为的紊乱会影响位于大脑和外周组织中的生物钟的昼夜节律功能。这些改变与葡萄糖耐量受损和2型糖尿病有关。对生物钟基因进行分子操作的动物模型以及人类遗传学研究也支持了这些联系。已经证明内分泌胰腺具有内在的自我维持生物钟，并且最近的研究揭示了生物钟基因在胰腺β细胞、葡萄糖稳态和糖尿病中的重要作用。
