助听儿童的听觉和语言技能。
Auditory and language skills of children using hearing aids.
机构信息
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
出版信息
Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2015 Mar-Apr;81(2):148-57. doi: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2014.05.034. Epub 2014 Oct 18.
INTRODUCTION
Hearing loss may impair the development of a child. The rehabilitation process for individuals with hearing loss depends on effective interventions.
OBJECTIVE
To describe the linguistic profile and the hearing skills of children using hearing aids, to characterize the rehabilitation process and to analyze its association with the children's degree of hearing loss.
METHODS
Cross-sectional study with a non-probabilistic sample of 110 children using hearing aids (6-10 years of age) for mild to profound hearing loss. Tests of language, speech perception, phonemic discrimination, and school performance were performed. The associations were verified by the following tests: chi-squared for linear trend and Kruskal-Wallis.
RESULTS
About 65% of the children had altered vocabulary, whereas 89% and 94% had altered phonology and inferior school performance, respectively. The degree of hearing loss was associated with differences in the median age of diagnosis; the age at which the hearing aids were adapted and at which speech therapy was started; and the performance on auditory tests and the type of communication used.
CONCLUSION
The diagnosis of hearing loss and the clinical interventions occurred late, contributing to impairments in auditory and language development.
引言
听力损失可能会影响儿童的发育。听力损失患者的康复过程取决于有效的干预措施。
目的
描述使用助听器的儿童的语言特征和听力技能，描述康复过程，并分析其与儿童听力损失程度的关系。
方法
这是一项横断面研究，使用非概率抽样方法，纳入了 110 名使用助听器（6-10 岁）的儿童，这些儿童的听力损失程度为轻度至重度。进行了语言、言语感知、语音辨别和学校表现的测试。采用卡方线性趋势检验和 Kruskal-Wallis 检验来验证相关性。
结果
约 65%的儿童存在词汇改变，89%和 94%的儿童分别存在语音改变和学校表现不佳。听力损失程度与诊断的中位数年龄、助听器适应和言语治疗开始的年龄、听觉测试表现和使用的沟通方式有关。
结论
听力损失的诊断和临床干预较晚，导致听觉和语言发育受损。
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