Cupples Linda, Ching Teresa Yc, Button Laura, Seeto Mark, Zhang Vicky, Whitfield Jessica, Gunnourie Miriam, Martin Louise, Marnane Vivienne
a Department of Linguistics and Centre for Cognition and its Disorders , Macquarie University , Sydney , Australia.
b National Acoustic Laboratories , Sydney , Australia , and.
Int J Audiol. 2018 May;57(sup2):S55-S69. doi: 10.1080/14992027.2017.1370140. Epub 2017 Sep 12.
This study investigated the factors influencing 5-year language, speech and everyday functioning of children with congenital hearing loss.
Standardised tests including PLS-4, PPVT-4 and DEAP were directly administered to children. Parent reports on language (CDI) and everyday functioning (PEACH) were collected. Regression analyses were conducted to examine the influence of a range of demographic variables on outcomes.
Participants were 339 children enrolled in the Longitudinal Outcomes of Children with Hearing Impairment (LOCHI) study.
Children's average receptive and expressive language scores were approximately 1 SD below the mean of typically developing children, and scores on speech production and everyday functioning were more than 1 SD below. Regression models accounted for 70-23% of variance in scores across different tests. Earlier CI switch-on and higher non-verbal ability were associated with better outcomes in most domains. Earlier HA fitting and use of oral communication were associated with better outcomes on directly administered language assessments. Severity of hearing loss and maternal education influenced outcomes of children with HAs. The presence of additional disabilities affected outcomes of children with CIs.
The findings provide strong evidence for the benefits of early HA fitting and early CI for improving children's outcomes.
本研究调查了影响先天性听力损失儿童5年语言、言语及日常功能的因素。
对儿童直接进行标准化测试，包括《皮博迪图片词汇测验第4版》（PLS - 4）、《皮博迪图片词汇测验修订版第4版》（PPVT - 4）和《儿童日常交流能力评定量表》（DEAP）。收集家长关于语言（《儿童语言发展量表》，CDI）和日常功能（《儿童日常生活能力量表》，PEACH）的报告。进行回归分析以检验一系列人口统计学变量对结果的影响。
参与者为339名参加听力障碍儿童纵向结局（LOCHI）研究的儿童。
儿童的平均接受性和表达性语言得分比正常发育儿童的均值低约1个标准差，言语产出和日常功能得分比正常发育儿童的均值低超过1个标准差。回归模型解释了不同测试得分中70% - 23%的方差。在大多数领域，更早开启人工耳蜗及更高的非语言能力与更好的结果相关。更早佩戴助听器及使用口语交流与直接进行的语言评估中更好的结果相关。听力损失的严重程度和母亲的教育程度影响佩戴助听器儿童的结局。合并其他残疾会影响植入人工耳蜗儿童的结局。
研究结果为早期佩戴助听器和早期植入人工耳蜗对改善儿童结局的益处提供了有力证据。
