基于血清的癌症生物标志物评估：从临床和计算角度的简要综述。

Evaluation of serum-based cancer biomarkers: a brief review from a clinical and computational viewpoint.

机构信息

Bioinformatics Center, Institute of Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji 611-0011, Japan.

出版信息

Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2015 Feb;93(2):103-15. doi: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2014.10.002. Epub 2014 Oct 14.

DOI:10.1016/j.critrevonc.2014.10.002

Abstract

Biomarkers are vital to detect diseases in various clinical stages. A variety of cancer serum biomarkers are already known, while for more accurate cancer-type detection, there required more rigorous evaluation manners, especially computational evaluation measures, for biomarkers. In this review, we first show three typical pitfalls in finding biomarkers and their examples, after briefly presenting standard five clinical biomarker screening phases by National Cancer Institute. We then introduce current computational biomarker evaluation measures, including current, standard methods with their intrinsic features. We further show an up-to-date list of existing cancer serum biomarkers, pointing out several issues, being caused by the limitations of current biomarker evaluation approaches. Finally we discuss the current attempts to develop new, statistically robust, computational serum-based biomarker measures in terms of specificity to each of various cancer types.

摘要

生物标志物对于在各种临床阶段检测疾病至关重要。已经有多种癌症血清生物标志物被发现，但是为了更准确地检测癌症类型，需要更严格的评估方法，特别是针对生物标志物的计算评估方法。在这篇综述中，我们首先展示了在寻找生物标志物及其示例过程中三个典型的陷阱，之后简要介绍了美国国立癌症研究所（National Cancer Institute）提出的标准的五个临床生物标志物筛选阶段。然后，我们介绍了当前的计算生物标志物评估方法，包括当前的标准方法及其内在特征。我们进一步展示了现有的癌症血清生物标志物的最新列表，指出了由当前生物标志物评估方法的局限性引起的几个问题。最后，我们讨论了目前针对各种癌症类型的特异性，开发新的、统计上稳健的基于计算的血清生物标志物方法的尝试。