Wang Xue-Tong, Chen Lei, Wang Xi-Kui, Lei Bing-Li, Sun Yan-Feng, Zhou Jun, Wu Ming-Hong
Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
Chemosphere. 2015 Jan;119:1224-1232. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.10.019. Epub 2014 Nov 1.
A comprehensive investigation was conducted to the urban (Pudong) and suburban soils in Shanghai. A total of 154 soil samples were analyzed for 26 PAHs including highly carcinogenic dibenzopyrenes (DBPs). The total concentrations ranged from 25.8 to 7380 μg kg(-1) for Σ26PAHs and 18.8 to 6320 μg kg(-1) for 16 USEPA priority PAHs (Σ16PAHs), respectively. The BaP toxic equivalent (BaPeq) concentrations were between 6.41 and 2880 μg kg(-1) for Σ24PAHs, 1.11 and 620 μg kg(-1) for Σ16PAHs and 2.72 and 2250 μg kg(-1) for Σ4DBPs. The high PAH contamination in green land soils might originate mainly from local road traffic and industrial activities, and sewage sludge application or waste water irrigation for soil. Seven sources of soil PAHs in Shanghai were identified by positive matrix factorization (PMF) model. The mean risk quotient (m-RQ) values indicated that there were medium to high ecological risks in 9.10% of soil samples, pyrene (Pyr), benzo[b]fluoranthene (BbF) and benz[a]anthracene (BaA) were the major ecological risk drivers under agricultural use. The cancer risk (CR) values were within the acceptable range at 35.7%, 35.1% and 31.2% of sampling sites for children, youths and adults, respectively. The total lifetime carcinogenic risk (TLCR) values at 57.8% of sampling sites were within the acceptable range. Overall, cancer risks of soil PAHs in all sampling sites in the studied area were below the highest acceptable risk, suggesting that soil PAHs are unlikely to pose a significant cancer risk for population based on ingestion, dermal contact and inhalation exposure pathways.
对上海市区（浦东）和郊区土壤进行了全面调查。共分析了154个土壤样本中的26种多环芳烃，包括高致癌性二苯并芘（DBP）。Σ26多环芳烃的总浓度范围为25.8至7380μg kg⁻¹，16种美国环保署优先多环芳烃（Σ16多环芳烃）的总浓度范围为18.8至6320μg kg⁻¹。Σ24多环芳烃的苯并[a]芘毒性当量（BaPeq）浓度在6.41至2880μg kg⁻¹之间，Σ16多环芳烃的浓度在1.11至620μg kg⁻¹之间，Σ4二苯并芘的浓度在2.72至2250μg kg⁻¹之间。绿地土壤中多环芳烃的高污染可能主要源于当地道路交通和工业活动，以及用于土壤的污水污泥施用或废水灌溉。通过正矩阵因子分解（PMF）模型确定了上海土壤多环芳烃的七个来源。平均风险商（m-RQ）值表明，9.10%的土壤样本存在中度至高生态风险，芘（Pyr）、苯并[b]荧蒽（BbF）和苯并[a]蒽（BaA）是农业利用下的主要生态风险驱动因素。儿童、青年和成人采样点的癌症风险（CR）值分别在35.7%、35.1%和31.2%的可接受范围内。57.8%采样点的终生总致癌风险（TLCR）值在可接受范围内。总体而言，研究区域内所有采样点土壤多环芳烃的癌症风险均低于最高可接受风险，这表明基于摄入、皮肤接触和吸入暴露途径，土壤多环芳烃不太可能对人群构成重大癌症风险。
