Involvement of opioid and dopaminergic systems in isolation-induced pinning and social grooming of young rats.

Pinning, as a measure for play, and social grooming were simultaneously studied in juvenile rats. Short-term social isolation increased both behavioural responses. This increase was attenuated by the opioid antagonist naltrexone, whilst the opiate, morphine, and the opioid peptide beta-endorphin, increased the responses. Pinning was more sensitive to the effects of naltrexone, whilst beta-endorphin stimulated particularly social grooming. Small doses of the dopaminergic drug, apomorphine, decreased both pinning and grooming behaviour of the short-term isolated rats. Some of the effects were partially antagonized by the dopamine antagonist haloperidol, and the neurolepticum-like peptide, desenkephalin-gamma-endorphin (DE-gamma-E). A small dose of haloperidol and DE-gamma-E stimulated social grooming in particular, whilst a larger dose of haloperidol decreased pinning and social grooming. It is concluded that both opioid and dopaminergic systems are implicated in the increase of pinning and social grooming induced by short-term social isolation. The differences in sensitivity of pinning and social grooming for opioid and dopaminergic drugs and peptides are discussed in relation to possible differences in the neural systems underlying both social activities.